ArticleChild psychiatry and human development2026
Toddler Screen Time: Longitudinal Associations with Autism and ADHD Symptoms and Developmental Outcomes.
Article in Child psychiatry and human development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review and Developmental Model: Early Childhood Emotion Regulation and Co-Regulation in Autism.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Review
- Screen time in preschool-aged children and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-related behaviors: A literature review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Does early screentime exposure or duration affect M-CHAT-R autism screening tool score?BMC pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Media Consumption by Preschool Children: The Risk of Autism and Developmental Disorders.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Screen Time Matters: Exploring the Behavioral Effects of Devices on Saudi Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Article
- The impact of electronic product use on children with tic disorders and ADHD, and management strategies: a review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Greater screen time is associated with increased symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (autism), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and lower scores on measures of development in preschool-aged community samples. In the current longitudinal study, we examined screen time differences at 18 months of age based on clinically-defined outcomes (i.e., Autism, ADHD Concerns, Comparison) determined at age 3-5 years in a genetically-enriched sample based on family history, along with prospective associations between toddler screen time and preschool autism/ADHD symptoms and developmental achievement. Participants (n = 82) included children at high and low familial likelihood for autism and ADHD. Children with Autism and ADHD Concerns outcomes experienced significantly more screen exposure at 18 months than children without autism or elevated symptoms of ADHD. Greater screen time at 18 months was also associated with preschool symptoms of autism and ADHD and lower developmental achievement across the sample. Preschoolers with neurodevelopmental challenges experienced more screen exposure earlier in development than same-age peers, increasing potential for negative developmental impacts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.