Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39607747›Full record

Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025

Benefit of Early Oseltamivir Therapy for Adults Hospitalized With Influenza A: An Observational Study.

Nathaniel M Lewis, Elizabeth J Harker, Lauren B Grant, Yuwei Zhu, Carlos G Grijalva, James D Chappell, Jillian P Rhoads, Adrienne Baughman, Jonathan D Casey, Paul W Blair and 47 more

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Severity of Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in Hospitalized Adult People With Influenza by Type and Subtype, United States-2017-2020.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

57 authors.

Nathaniel M LewisInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7088-9640
Elizabeth J HarkerInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2010-4379
Lauren B GrantInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8656-3538
Yuwei ZhuSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9849-1634
Carlos G GrijalvaSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2329-7797
James D ChappellSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jillian P RhoadsSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Adrienne BaughmanSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jonathan D CaseySchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Paul W BlairSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3817-5987
Ian D JonesSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Cassandra A JohnsonSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Adam S LauringMichigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2906-8335
Manju GaglaniCenter for Research in Vaccines and Infections, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3952-9230
Shekhar GhamandeCollege of Medicine, Baylor University, Temple, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6924-9494
Cristie ColumbusCollege of Medicine, Baylor University, Temple, Texas, USA.
Jay S SteingrubCritical Care Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Nathan I ShapiroEmergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abhijit DuggalPulmonary Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Laurence W BusseSchool of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6564-5200
Jamie FelzerSchool of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Matthew E PrekkerEmergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Ithan D PeltanSchool of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1730-234X
Samuel M BrownSchool of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1206-6261
David N HagerSchool of Medicine, Johns Hopkings University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5148-4872
Michelle N GongCritical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Amira MohamedCritical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8381-1265
Matthew C ExlineCollege of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Akram KhanPulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3091-632X
Catherine L HoughPulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Jennifer G WilsonSchool of Medicine, Stanford University, California, USA.
Jarrod MosierCollege of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Nida QadirRonald Reagan Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7791-049X
Steven Y ChangRonald Reagan Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7365-5265
Adit A GindeSchool of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Amanda MartinezSchool of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Nicholas M MohrSchool of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0497-5828
Christopher MallowSchool of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8211-7629
Estelle S HarrisSchool of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Nicholas J JohnsonEmergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Vasisht SrinivasanEmergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7954-9730
Kevin W GibbsSchool of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Jennie H KwonSchool of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Ivana A VaughnPublic Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7201-0289
Mayur RameshInternal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1677-3994
Basmah SafdarSchool of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9640-7133
Anirudh GoyalSchool of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Lauren E DeLamielleureSchool of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Jennifer DeCuirDivision of COVID-19 and Other Respiratory Viral Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5071-3875
Diya SurieDivision of COVID-19 and Other Respiratory Viral Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3931-1423
Fatimah S DawoodDivision of COVID-19 and Other Respiratory Viral Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Mark W TenfordeInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8702-8393
Timothy M UyekiInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5338-8668
Shikha GargInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9345-6669
Sascha EllingtonInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5584-5006
Wesley H SelfSchool of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9300-3045
Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network

Funding

Measuring and Learning from Care Variation in SepsisR35GM151147 · NIGMS · IHC HEALTH SERVICES, INC. · PI Ithan Daniel Peltan · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
CDC HHSNCIRD CDC HHS 75D30122C12914NCIRD CDC HHS 75D30122C14944NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM151147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClinical guidelines recommend initiation of antiviral therapy as soon as possible for patients hospitalized with confirmed or suspected influenza.

methodsA multicenter US observational sentinel surveillance network prospectively enrolled adults (aged ≥18 years) hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza at 24 hospitals during 1 October 2022-21 July 2023. A multivariable proportional odds model was used to compare peak pulmonary disease severity (no oxygen support, standard supplemental oxygen, high-flow oxygen/non-invasive ventilation, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death) after the day of hospital admission among patients starting oseltamivir treatment on the day of admission (early) versus those who did not (late or not treated), adjusting for baseline (admission day) severity, age, sex, site, and vaccination status. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, acute kidney replacement therapy or vasopressor use, and in-hospital death.

resultsA total of 840 influenza-positive patients were analyzed, including 415 (49%) who started oseltamivir treatment on the day of admission, and 425 (51%) who did not. Compared with late or not treated patients, those treated early had lower peak pulmonary disease severity (proportional adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .49-.72), and lower odds of intensive care unit admission (aOR: 0.24, 95% CI: .13-.47), acute kidney replacement therapy or vasopressor use (aOR: 0.40, 95% CI: .22-.67), and in-hospital death (aOR: 0.36, 95% CI: .18-.72).

conclusionsAmong adults hospitalized with influenza, treatment with oseltamivir on day of hospital admission was associated reduced risk of disease progression, including pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ failure and death.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsInfluenza, HumanOseltamivirAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansInfluenza A virusMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSentinel SurveillanceUnited StatesAntiviral AgentsOseltamivirantiviral therapyinfluenzainfluenza-associated outcomesinvasive mechanical ventilationoseltamivirseverity

Identifiers

PMID39607747
PMCPMC13016773

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.