ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025
Autoimmune Disease is Increased in Women With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of celiac disease with menstrual and hormonal disturbances: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Pooled it
- Islet Autoantibodies in Adult With Pituitary and Ovarian Autoimmunity: Implications for Type 1 Diabetes Screening.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- From Genes to Lives: Integrating the Complexities of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Premature ovarian insufficiency in patients with thyroid-related poly-autoimmunity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Development of a predictive framework for ovarian reserve decline based on pelvic microbiota dysbiosis.The EPMA journal · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Disease is Increased in Women With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Changing Etiological Spectrum of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency over the Past Decades: A Comparative Analysis of Two Cohorts from a Single Center.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fertility in Celiac Disease: The Impact of Gluten on Male and Female Reproductive Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The dual nature of immunotherapy in female reproductive disorders: immune homeostasis and clinical challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Female Fertility: Clinical Evidence on Ovarian Reserve, Infertility Treatment Outcomes, and Pathophysiology.Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextAutoimmune disease is common in women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and the genetic etiology of autoimmune disease suggests that it could be hereditary in families of women with POI.
objectiveWe hypothesized that a subset of women with POI and their family members would have an increased risk for autoimmune disorders.
designPopulation-based study using electronic health records from 1995 to 2022.
settingTwo major Utah healthcare systems serving 85% of the state. SUBJECTS: Women with POI (n = 610) were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes and charts were reviewed for accuracy. First-, second-, and third-degree relatives were identified using genealogy data in the Utah Population Database.
interventionAutoimmune diagnoses were identified using ICD codes.
main outcome measuresThe relative risk of autoimmune disease in women with POI and relatives was estimated by comparison to population rates.
resultsAt least 1 autoimmune disease was identified in 25% of women with POI. The relative risk of autoimmune hypothyroidism (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 6.88 [5.71, 8.22]; P < .001), adrenal insufficiency (4.72 [1.73, 10.28]; P = .0020), type 1 diabetes (4.13 [2.14, 7.22]; P = 5.25X10-5), rheumatoid arthritis (5.66 [3.10, 9.50]; P = 3.70X10-7), vitiligo (15.33 [6.16, 31.58]; P = 5.25X10-7), celiac disease (7.58 [3.47, 14.39]; P = 4.47X10-6), psoriasis (3.90 [2.01, 6.81]; P = 9.04X10-5) and systemic lupus erythematosus (4.43 [1.63, 9.64]; P = .0027) were increased in women with POI compared to population rates. There was no increased risk of autoimmune disease in family members.
conclusionData confirm increased autoimmune disease in women with POI. The increased risk is largely related to autoimmune polyglandular syndrome types 1 through 4 and autoimmune hypothyroidism. The absence of risk in family members may result from differences in environmental influences or hormone milieu.
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