Correlation between the diameter of esophageal varices measured using a virtual ruler under endoscopy and portal pressure gradient.

Background: Esophageal variceal diameter (EVD) is a crucial factor in determining the risk of esophageal variceal bleeding, which is associated with an increased portal pressure gradient (PPG). However, research into the relationship between EVD and PPG has been limited, primarily because the assessment of EVD depends on visual estimation during endoscopy. Recently, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based method to accurately detect EVD. In this study, we aim to investigate the correlation between EVD and PPG, with the goal of evaluating EVD as a potential non-invasive indicator of PPG. Methods: This study included both retrospective and prospective data from 128 patients diagnosed with portal hypertension and gastroesophageal varices, gathered from two medical institutions. Clinical data including PPG, biochemical markers, and routine blood tests were collected. In the retrospective phase, EVD was evaluated using an AI-based virtual ruler. In the prospective phase, PPG was measured using radiological intervention methods, and EVD was measured during endoscopy with the aid of AI. Results: A positive correlation between PPG and EVD was identified ( Conclusion: EVD demonstrated a positive correlation with PPG and could potentially be used as a predictive marker for assessing PPG levels. These findings provide novel insights for the non-invasive evaluation of PPG in clinical practice.