Predicting Treatment-seeking Status for Alcohol Use Disorder Using Polygenic Scores and Machine Learning in a Deeply-Phenotyped Sample.

Background: Few individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) receive treatment. Previous studies have shown drinking behavior, psychological problems, and substance dependence to predict treatment seeking. However, to date, no studies have incorporated polygenic scores (PGS), a measure of genetic risk for AUD. Methods: Using the Yale-Penn sample, we identified 9,103 individuals diagnosed with DSM-IV AUD and indicated treatment-seeking status. We implemented a random forest (RF) model to predict treatment-seeking based on 91 clinically relevant phenotypes. We calculated AUD PGS for those with genetic data (African ancestry [AFR] n=3,192, European ancestry [EUR] n=3,553) and generated RF models for each ancestry group, first without and then with PGS. Lastly, we developed models stratified by age (< and ≥40 years old). Results: 66.6% reported treatment seeking (M Conclusion: Alcohol use, psychiatric issues, and comorbid medical disorders were predictors of treatment seeking. Incorporating PGS did not substantially alter performance, but was a more important predictor in younger individuals with AUD. Highlights: While alcohol use problems are common, few individuals seek treatmentWe used machine learning in a deeply-phenotyped sample to predict treatment-seekingWe, for the first time, incorporated polygenic risk for alcohol use as a predictorAlcohol use variables, psychiatric issues, and medical problems were key predictors.