Association between nutritional status, injury severity, and physiological responses in trauma patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive value of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and Injury Severity Score (ISS) in assessing physiological abnormalities and outcomes in trauma patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 354 trauma patients. Physiological parameters were assessed, including cardiovascular function, inflammatory response, liver and kidney function, and nutritional status. The CONUT score and ISS were calculated for each patient. Binary logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of trauma severity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis evaluated the predictive accuracy of the CONUT and ISS scores for adverse outcomes. Results: Severely injured patients exhibited more significant abnormalities in cardiovascular function, inflammatory response, liver and kidney function, and nutritional status compared to those with minor injuries. These patients had significantly higher CONUT scores. Logistic regression analysis identified white blood cell count, hemoglobin, and CONUT score as independent predictors of trauma severity. ROC analysis showed that both CONUT and ISS scores effectively predicted adverse outcomes, with ISS demonstrating better specificity. Conclusion: The CONUT and ISS scores are effective tools for predicting physiological abnormalities and adverse outcomes in trauma patients. Incorporating these scores into clinical practice may enhance prognostic assessments and improve management strategies for trauma patients.