SynthesisBreast cancer research : BCR2024
Metastatic recurrence in women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Breast Cancer Survivors' Perception on Health Promotion and Healthy Lifestyle: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Which quality of life issues are important to patients with metastatic breast cancer: Phase 1 and 2 development of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer metastatic breast cancer module (EORTC QLQ-MBR).Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Article
- Economic evaluation of artificial intelligence for cancer detection in the UK breast screening programme.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- International comparisons of survival after recurrent metastatic breast cancer in four countries: A population-based study.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Article
- A natural coumarin, benjaminin, suppresses proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Characteristics, treatment and survival in de novo and metachronous metastatic breast cancer: a nationwide comparative analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Trajectories of dyadic fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer couples: a prospective observational study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Observational
- CDK4/6 Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Therapy-A Review of Clinical Trials, Structural and Computational Approaches.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The use of endpoints in phase 3 randomized controlled trials in metastatic breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Impact of HER2-Low Expression on Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Tumor genomics in patients younger than 40 years of age with metastatic breast cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Metastatic Recurrence of Breast Cancer by Stage and Molecular Profile: A Population-Based Study Among Italian Women.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Investigating the role of MYLK2 in breast cancer prognosis and assessing its clinical application value.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Collecting high-quality data for advanced breast cancer: a global expert review and call-to-action for 2025-2035 (Goal 2).Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: Real Clinical Data and Literature Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Characterization of Disseminated Tumor Cells (DTCs) in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).Cells · 2025Article
- The gut microbiome as a potential predictive biomarker for breast cancer: emerging association and geographic differences.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Pharmacist-led remote follow-up service for non-metastatic breast cancer patients: a prospective randomised controlled trial of pharmaceutical intervention.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo assess proportions of metastatic recurrence in women initially diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer by stage at diagnosis, breast cancer subtype, calendar period and age.
methodsA systematic search of MEDLINE and Web of Science databases (January 2010-12 May 2022) was conducted. Studies reporting the proportion of distant metastatic recurrence in women with non-metastatic breast cancer were identified and outcomes and characteristics were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed independently by two reviewers. Random-effects meta-analyses of proportions were used to calculate pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
results193 studies covering over 280,000 patients were included in the main analysis. Pooled proportions of metastatic recurrence increased with longer median follow-up time from 12.2% (95% CI 10.5-14.0%) at 1-4 years post diagnosis, 14.3% (95% CI 12.9-15.7%) at 5-9 years to 23.3% (95% CI 20.1-26.8) at 10 years or more. Regional variation was observed with pooled estimates ranging from 11.0% (95% CI 8.5-13.7%) in Europe to 26.4% (95% CI 16.7-37.4%) in Africa (1-4 years follow-up). Proportions of recurrence were higher in studies with diagnosis before 2000 (22.2%, 95% CI 15.1-30.3) compared to studies with diagnosis from 2000 onwards (12.8%, 95% CI 11.7-14.0). At 1-4 years median follow-up, pooled proportions of metastatic recurrence were higher in women with hormone receptor negative (15.2%, 95% CI 12.0-18.7%) compared with receptor positive disease (9.6%, 95% CI 6.2-13.6%) and in women with locally advanced (33.2%, 95% CI 24.7-42.3%) relative to early disease at initial diagnosis (4.8%, 95% CI 2.5-7.8%). Proportions were higher in those under 50 years compared with 70+ years, 18.6% (95% CI 15.9-21.4%) versus 13.3% (95% CI 9.2, 18.0%), respectively. Heterogeneity was high in all meta-analyses and results should be interpreted with caution.
conclusionsHigher proportions of metastatic recurrence in patients initially diagnosed at an advanced stage and in earlier calendar period emphasises the importance of early detection and treatment advancements. As the global number of breast cancer survivors increases, research and health policy efforts should be directed towards timely diagnosis and access to effective treatments and care. STUDY REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022314500.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.