Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39604959›Full record

Trial reportBMC oral health2024

Comparative effects of three mucoadhesive gels containing lidocaine, zinc acetate, and tannic acid on the gag reflex of dental patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Nafiseh Nikkerdar, Hosna Seyedi, Shahla Mirzaeei, Roya Safari-Faramani, Amin Golshah

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07509918 (Clinical Efficacy of Three Mucoadhesive Gels in Controlling Gag Reflex Among Children Aged 8-10 Years During Radiographic Examination), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07509918 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Clinical Efficacy of Three Mucoadhesive Gels in Controlling Gag Reflex Among Children Aged 8-10 Years During Radiographic Examination:A Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorCairo UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled66ConditionsGag Reflex, ChildArmsTannic Acid Mucoadhesive Gel (Topical), Zinc Acetate Mucoadhesive Gel (Topical), Lidocaine Gel (Topical)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. The 4P Strategy for Managing Hypersensitive Gag Reflex: A Case Report and Clinical Guide.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nafiseh NikkerdarDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Hosna SeyediSchool of Dentistry, Shariati Street, Kermanshah, 67139546581, Iran.
Shahla MirzaeeiPharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Street, 67139546581, Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran.
Roya Safari-FaramaniSocial Development and Health Promotion Research Center, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Amin GolshahSchool of Dentistry, Shariati Street, Kermanshah, 67139546581, Iran. amin.golshah@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to compare the effects of three mucoadhesive gels containing lidocaine, zinc acetate, and tannic acid on the gag reflex of dental patients.

methodsThis randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 228 dental patients with gag reflex. The patients were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 57) of placebo, 2% lidocaine, 2% tannic acid, and 2% zinc acetate. The severity of the gag reflex of patients was initially scored by stimulating their soft and hard palate with a radiographic film using a 0-5 visual analog scale. After 5 min, mucoadhesive gels containing 2% lidocaine, zinc acetate, or tannic acid were applied on the hard and soft palate for 5-10 min, and the severity of the gag reflex was scored again. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and paired t-test for the single group comparison (alpha = 0.05).

resultsThe four groups had no significant difference in the baseline mean gag score (p = 0.05). The difference in the mean gag score was significant among the four groups after the intervention (p < 0.00), and the mean score in the experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (p < 0.00). The difference in the mean gag score was not significant between the experimental groups (p > 0.05).

conclusionsThe mucoadhesive gels containing 2% lidocaine, tannic acid, or zinc acetate significantly decreased the gag reflex in dental patients, with all three treatments showing comparable efficacy compared to the placebo. These findings suggest that each gel formulation is a viable alternative for managing the gag reflex during dental procedures.

Indexed as

GaggingGelsLidocaineTanninsZinc AcetateAdultAnesthetics, LocalDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolyphenolsYoung AdultAnesthetics, LocalGelsLidocainePolyphenolstannic acidTanninsZinc AcetateGaggingLidocaineTannic acidZinc acetate

Identifiers

PMID39604959
PMCPMC11603916

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.