SynthesisBMC public health2024
A global prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use among students: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4,189,145 subjects.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of Electronic Cigarette use in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of community health · 2026Pooled it
- Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE).BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Smoking prevalence and emerging tobacco product use among Saudi adolescents: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolic disruption associated with e-cigarette vaping and secondhand exposure: Urinary metabolomics evidence from a Thai population.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Preliminary species-dependent growth responses of selected oral bacteria to e-cigarette Liquids and aerosol extracts: a single-species in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Trends of Electronic-Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Product Use Among Korean Adults From 2013 to 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- E-cigarette exposure triggers distal lung cell injury, persistent lung stress response, and antiviral immune suppression.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Mystery shopping of tobacco, nicotine and alcohol products in 20 European countries: a cross-sectional study in the JAPreventNCD project.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Biomarker Profiles in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Electronic Cigarette Users: A Cross-Sectional Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Early Initiation and Dual Patterns of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia:Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Narrative Review of Novel Nicotine-Delivery Systems and Emerging Pharmaceuticals for Tobacco Cessation.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- E-cigarette use among adults in southern Iran: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- E-cigarette aerosol-induced neurotoxicity during early brain development: mechanisms and outcomes.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Harm Perception of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Versus Regular Cigarettes in Singapore: Findings from a Nationwide Study.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between E-Cigarette Use (Vaping) and Oral Health in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- A decade on: exploring the Okanagan Charter's continued international relevance for health promotion in higher education.Health promotion international · 2026Article
- Navigating regulatory challenges: a cross-sectional survey of vaping and smoking behaviours among university students in Yunnan, China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and patterns of e-cigarette use among school-aged adolescents in Peru, 2024.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Regulation of immune checkpoints by electronic cigarette.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, vape pens, hookah pens, e-cigars, and e-pipes, has grown in popularity worldwide, particularly among young individuals. However, these products are not without risks, as their emissions may contain harmful substances such as diacetyl (a flavoring agent linked to specific pulmonary problems in high concentrations), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, and volatile organic compounds with unknown long-term effects on lung health.
objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of ENDS use among school and college students on a global scale.
methodsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Two researchers independently selected and extracted data from the identified studies. The pooled prevalence of ENDS use among school or college students was calculated using a random-effect meta-analysis.
resultsThe systematic review encompassed 146 studies with 4,189,145 subjects from 53 countries and six continents. The overall current prevalence of ENDS use was 10.2%, indicating a significant presence of this behavior among students. Moreover, ENDS current use was higher among males (10.2%) than females (7.5%). In comparison, the lifetime prevalence was 22.0%, indicating that a substantial portion of students have tried these products but do not continue to use them regularly.
conclusionOur meta-analysis reveals a significant prevalence of ENDS use among school and college students globally, with higher rates observed among males than females. The lifetime prevalence of ENDS indicates that many students have tried or are currently using these products. The current prevalence of ENDS use was 10.2%, with notable variations across different continents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.