Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39603166›Full record

SynthesisJournal of psychiatric research2025

Assessing dissociation: A systematic review and evaluation of existing measures.

Sorawit Wainipitapong, L S Merritt Millman, Xi Huang, Lillian Wieder, Devin B Terhune, Susannah Pick

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of psychiatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Induction of Dissociative States: A Meta-Analysis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sorawit WainipitapongDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Center of Excellence in Transgender Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
L S Merritt MillmanDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Xi HuangDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Lillian WiederDepartment of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Devin B TerhuneDepartment of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Susannah PickDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: susannah.pick@kcl.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis review aimed to assess the psychometric properties and methodological quality of existing dissociation measures.

methodsMEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched in May 2023 using comprehensive search terms for 'dissociation' combined with terms for 'measurement' and 'psychometric properties'. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023423485) and followed PRISMA and COSMIN guidelines. We assessed content validity, structural validity, cross-cultural validity, and different indices of reliability comprising 1) reliability (test-retest, inter-rater, intra-rater), 2) internal consistency, and 3) measurement error.

resultsOf 7570 studies, 170 were eligible, revealing 44 measures of dissociation (86% trait dissociation, 14% state dissociation) and their 14 adapted versions. None of the measures met all COSMIN criteria for good psychometric properties and high methodological quality. Overall, methodological quality was rated as follows: 'doubtful' for content validity, 'adequate' for measurement error and cross-cultural validity, and 'very good' for structural validity and internal consistency. Most included studies did not assess the reliability of investigated measures.

conclusionThe Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), adolescent DES, Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire, Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire-20, and Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale demonstrated strong evidence for measuring general, child/adolescent, trauma-related (state) or somatoform dissociation, and depersonalisation, respectively. Future research should refine or develop dissociation measures following COSMIN guidelines to ensure robust methodology and psychometric properties.

Indexed as

Dissociative DisordersPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsHumansReproducibility of ResultsCOSMINDissociationMeasurePsychometric propertiesQuestionnaireTool

Identifiers

PMID39603166
PMCPMC11904123

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.