ReviewMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2025
Environmental Risk Factors for Parkinson's Disease: A Critical Review and Policy Implications.
Review in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Revisiting the Association of Pesticide Exposure and Parkinson's Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environmental toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- Setting shapes the strain: Untangling alpha-synuclein heterogeneity.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Atmospheric Aerosol Neurotoxicity and Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms and Perspectives.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Review
- Pilot Study Employing a Machine Learning Approach as a Potential Method for Predicting Parkinson's Disease Using Voice as a Digital Biomarker and the SHAP Approach for Feature Engineering.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Environmental hazards and climate change: Unmasking Parkinson's hidden enemies.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Pesticide exposure and multidomain symptom burden in Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal triangulation study.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Environmental determinants of Parkinson's disease and attributable burden in Latin America.Research square · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance induced by pesticides is overcome by pancreatic islet adaptation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Parkinson-PEST: protocol for a case-control study on environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Genetic and environmental risk factors of Parkinsonism.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Mapping the Parkinson's pandemic: Unveiling and addressing the global burden.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Commentary: Pesticides andJournal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Dual-Risk axis:Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Preventing Parkinson's disease in the context of movement disorders: a narrative review of current evidence and future directions.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Bridging global diversity gaps in Parkinson disease research.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Parkinson's disease in real life healthcare organization database: a medication-based algorithm.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- Sleep Disturbances and Sexual Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Sex Differences and Impact on Quality of Life in a Turkish Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- ALDH1/2 deficiency modulates dieldrin-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration and reactive glial morphometry in male mice.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Social Determinants of Health and Their Association With Parkinson's Disease Prevalence in US Adults: Insights From NHANES 2001-2020.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The age-standardized prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has increased substantially over the years and is expected to increase further. This emphasizes the need to identify modifiable risk factors of PD, which could form a logical entry point for the prevention of PD. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended reducing exposure to specific environmental factors that have been reported to be associated with PD, in particular pesticides, trichloroethylene (TCE), and air pollution. In this review we critically evaluate the epidemiological and biological evidence on the associations of these factors with PD and review evidence on whether these putative associations are causal. We conclude that when considered in isolation, it is difficult to determine whether these associations are causal, in large part because of the decades-long lag between relevant exposures and the incidence of manifest PD. However, when considered in tandem with evidence from complementary research lines (such as animal models), it is increasingly likely that these associations reflect harmful causal effects. Fundamentally, whilst we highlight some evidence gaps that require further attention, we believe the current evidence base is sufficiently strong enough to support our call for stronger policy action. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.