ReviewViruses2024
Breaching the Barrier: Investigating Initial Herpes Simplex Viral Infection and Spread in Human Skin and Mucosa.
Review in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cell death network regulation in HSV infection: immune evasion versus host defense.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Establishment of an HSV-1 Mouse Model with Cutaneous Lesions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Highly efficient anogenital transmission of clade Ia monkeypox virus associated with increased shedding.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus 1 interaction with epidermal terminal differentiation in primary human keratinocytes models of differentiation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Non-neuronal sites of latency for alphaherpesviruses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Cutaneous-Tropism Viruses: Unraveling Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Immunoprophylactic Strategies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and spread in a novel porcine corneal explant model is restricted to the epithelium.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Insights into Liposomal and Gel-Based Formulations for Dermatological Treatments.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Herpes simplex virus assembly and spread in murine skin after infection from the outside.Journal of virology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is sexually transmitted via the anogenital mucosa where it initially infects epidermal keratinocytes and mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs). It then spreads to the dorsal root ganglion via sensory nerve endings, to remain latent for life with periodic reactivation. Currently, there is no cure or vaccine. Initial or recurrent HSV infection can produce serious complications and mediate acquisition of HIV. This review outlines the initial events after the HSV infection of human anogenital mucosa to determine the optimal window to target the virus before it becomes latent. After infection, HSV spreads rapidly within the mid-layers of epidermal keratinocytes in the explanted human inner foreskin. Infected cells produce chemokines, which modulate nectin-1 distribution on the surface of adjacent keratinocytes, facilitating viral spread. Epidermal Langerhans cells and dendritic cells become infected with HSV followed by a "viral relay" to dermal MNPs, which then present viral antigen to T cells in the dermis or lymph nodes. These data indicate the need for interruption of spread within 24 h by diffusible vaccine-induced mediators such as antiviral cytokines from resident immune cells or antibodies. Intradermal/mucosal vaccines would need to target the relevant dermal MNPs to induce HSV-specific CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.