ReviewViruses2024
Emerging Threats of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in US Dairy Cattle: Understanding Cross-Species Transmission Dynamics in Mammalian Hosts.
Review in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of New, Enhanced Surveillance Systems and Methodologies for Zoonotic Influenza Viruses in Animals and Human-Animal Interface.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Influenza Viruses and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review of Recent Findings.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- A phylogeny-informed mathematical modeling of HPAI H5N1 transmission dynamics and effectiveness of control measures.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Mapping Reported Modes of Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) to Humans: A Scoping Review.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Assessment of Humoral Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 H5 HA Influenza Vaccine for Dairy Cattle.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Long-Term Monitoring of Influenza A Viruses in Wild Waterfowl: Evidence from the Lake Baikal Basin (2018-2024).Viruses · 2026Article
- Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in cull dairy cows with underlying respiratory and systemic disease.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2026Article
- Combinations of Favipiravir with Doxycycline, Azithromycin or Ivermectin Exert Synergistic Effects Against Influenza A H3N2 Virus Replication.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- A cross-sectional study of avian influenza virus in poultry markets of Guangdong China, 2025.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- High immune responder cows have lower treatment risk and reduced milk loss during highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks.JDS communications · 2026Article
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Tracking the Progression from IAV (H5N1) to IAV (H7N9) and Preparing for Emerging Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Pasteurized Milk Serves as a Passive Surveillance Tool for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Dairy Cattle.Viruses · 2025Article
- Adaptation and Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Dairy Cattle: An Emerging Threat to Humans, Pets, and Peridomestic Animals.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- T Cell Responses to Influenza Infections in Cattle.Viruses · 2025Review
- The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in dairy cattle: implications for public health, animal health, and pandemic preparedness.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- A Review of Avian Influenza Virus Exposure Patterns and Risks Among Occupational Populations.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The rapid geographic spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus in poultry, wild birds, and other mammalian hosts, including humans, raises significant health concerns globally. The recent emergence of HPAI A(H5N1) in agricultural animals such as cattle and goats indicates the ability of the virus to breach unconventional host interfaces, further expanding the host range. Among the four influenza types-A, B, C, and D, cattle are most susceptible to influenza D infection and serve as a reservoir for this seven-segmented influenza virus. It is generally thought that bovines are not hosts for other types of influenza viruses, including type A. However, this long-standing viewpoint has been challenged by the recent outbreaks of HPAI A(H5N1) in dairy cows in the United States. To date, HPAI A(H5N1) has spread into fourteen states, affecting 299 dairy herds and causing clinical symptoms such as reduced appetite, fever, and a sudden drop in milk production. Infected cows can also transmit the disease through raw milk. This review article describes the current epidemiological landscape of HPAI A(H5N1) in US dairy cows and its interspecies transmission events in other mammalian hosts reported across the globe. The review also discusses the viral determinants of tropism, host range, adaptative mutations of HPAI A(H5N1) in various mammalian hosts with natural and experimental infections, and vaccination strategies. Finally, it summarizes some immediate questions that need to be addressed for a better understanding of the infection biology, transmission, and immune response of HPAI A(H5N1) in bovines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.