Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39599570›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza A Virus (IAV) in Blue-Winged Teal in the Mississippi Flyway Is Following the Historic Seasonal Pattern of Low-Pathogenicity IAV in Ducks.

David E Stallknecht, Deborah L Carter, Lyndon Sullivan-Brügger, Paul Link, Emily Ferraro, Ciara McCarty, Bruce Davis, Lynda Knutsen, James Graham, Rebecca L Poulson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

David E StallknechtSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Deborah L CarterSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Lyndon Sullivan-BrüggerSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Paul LinkLouisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, 5476 Grand Chenier Hwy, Grand Chenier, LA 70643, USA.
Emily FerraroSchool of Renewable Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Ciara McCartyWetland Wildlife Populations and Research Group, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Bemidji, MN 56601, USA.
Bruce DavisWetland Wildlife Populations and Research Group, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Bemidji, MN 56601, USA.
Lynda KnutsenAgassiz National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Middle River, MN 56737, USA.
James GrahamAgassiz National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Middle River, MN 56737, USA.
Rebecca L PoulsonSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8087-3295

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00016 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI WEBBY, RICHARD · 2021 to 2025
$91.4M
NIAID NIH HHS 75N93021C00016NIH HHS 75N9302C00016
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly pathogenic H5N1 (HP H5N1) influenza A virus (IAV) has been detected annually in North American ducks since its introduction during 2021, but it is unknown if this virus will follow the same seasonal and geographic patterns that have been observed with low-pathogenicity (LP) IAV in this reservoir. We monitored blue-winged teal in the Mississippi flyway prior to the detection of HP H5N1 and during two post-introduction migration cycles from spring 2022 to spring 2024, testing birds for infection and antibodies to IAV nucleoprotein (NP), hemagglutinin subtype H5, and neuraminidase subtype N1. Antigens representing clade 2.3.4.4b HP H5 and LP North American H5 were used for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) tests for H5 antibodies. Virologic results were consistent with historic seasonal and geographic patterns reported for LP IAV with peak infections occurring in pre-migration staging areas in Minnesota during fall 2022. However, the high prevalence of the H5 subtype was exceptional compared to historic prevalence estimates at this same site and for the Mississippi flyway. HP H5N1 was detected on wintering areas in Louisiana and Texas during the fall of that same year and this was followed by an increase in estimated antibody prevalence to NP, H5, and N1 with no HP H5N1 detections during the wintering or spring migration periods of 2022/2023. HP H5N1 was not detected in Minnesota during fall 2023 but was detected from a single bird in Louisiana. However, a similar increase in antibody prevalence was observed during the winter and spring period of 2023 and 2024. Over the two migration cycles, there was a temporal shift in observed prevalence and relative titers against the H5 antigens with a higher proportion of ducks testing positive to the 2.3.4.4b H5 antigen and higher relative titer to that antigen compared to the representative LP North American H5 antigen. The seasonal and geographic patterns observed appear to be driven by population immunity during the migration cycle. Results support an initial high infection rate of HP H5N1 in blue-winged teal in the Mississippi flyway followed by a high prevalence of antibodies to NP, H5, and N1. Although prevalence was much reduced in the second migration cycle following introduction, it is not known if this pattern will persist in the longer term or affect historic patterns of subtype diversity in this reservoir.

Indexed as

DucksInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza in BirdsSeasonsAnimal MigrationAnimalsAntibodies, ViralHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusMississippiAntibodies, ViralHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virusantibodydabbling ducksHP H5N1population immunityseasonalityseroprevalence

Identifiers

PMID39599570
PMCPMC11597780

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.