Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39598464›Full record

ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Antimicrobial Peptides: The Game-Changer in the Epic Battle Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Helal F Hetta, Nizar Sirag, Shumukh M Alsharif, Ahmad A Alharbi, Tala T Alkindy, Alanoud Alkhamali, Abdullah S Albalawi, Yasmin N Ramadan, Zainab I Rashed, Fawaz E Alanazi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Multidrug-ResistantPolish journal of microbiology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Caerin 1.1/1.9 peptides controlFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Biofilm-dispersal patterns in ESKAPE pathogens.Archives of microbiology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Helal F HettaDivision of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-8541-7304
Nizar SiragDivision of Pharmacognosy, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5453-6332
Shumukh M AlsharifDivision of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0003-0284-8208
Ahmad A AlharbiDivision of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0002-1100-4771
Tala T AlkindyDivision of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
Alanoud AlkhamaliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0004-0627-9003
Abdullah S AlbalawiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0002-8967-9875
Yasmin N RamadanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.ORCID 0009-0008-7374-9334
Zainab I RashedDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
Fawaz E AlanaziDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-8353-2066

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid progress of antibiotic resistance among bacteria has prompted serious medical concerns regarding how to manage multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. One emerging strategy to combat antibiotic resistance is the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are amino acid chains that act as broad-spectrum antimicrobial molecules and are essential parts of the innate immune system in mammals, fungi, and plants. AMPs have unique antibacterial mechanisms that offer benefits over conventional antibiotics in combating drug-resistant bacterial infections. Currently, scientists have conducted multiple studies on AMPs for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections and found that AMPs are a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. On the other hand, bacteria can develop several tactics to resist and bypass the effect of AMPs. Therefore, it is like a battle between the bacterial community and the AMPs, but who will win? This review provides thorough insights into the development of antibiotic resistance as well as detailed information about AMPs in terms of their history and classification. Furthermore, it addresses the unique antibacterial mechanisms of action of AMPs, how bacteria resist these mechanisms, and how to ensure AMPs win this battle. Finally, it provides updated information about FDA-approved AMPs and those that were still in clinical trials. This review provides vital information for researchers for the development and therapeutic application of novel AMPs for drug-resistant bacterial infections.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistanceantimicrobial peptides (AMPs)MDR

Identifiers

PMID39598464
PMCPMC11597525

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.