ReviewBiomedicines2024
The Influence of Maternal Lifestyle Factors on Human Breast Milk Microbial Composition: A Narrative Review.
Review in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Maternal Lifestyle Factors Affecting Breast Milk Composition and Infant Health: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- A One Health Decalogue for Breastfeeding: Microbiota-Targeted Strategies for Infant Gastrointestinal and Neurodevelopmental Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Impact of breastfeeding on serological recovery and metabolic homeostasis in postpartum women with celiac disease: a longitudinal study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- The involvement of human breastmilk-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of infant atopic sensitization.Allergologie select · 2026Review
- Preparation of Human Milk Substitute Fat by Physical Blending and Its Quality Evaluation.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Systemic sclerosis, main culprits and involved signaling pathways.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Microbiome in heritage: how maternal microbiome transmission impacts next generation health.Microbiome · 2025Review
- The Home as a Modulator of Milk Immunity: Association Between Domestic Factors and Immune Cell Populations in Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Article
- From Pregnancy to Breastfeeding: The Role of Maternal Exercise in Preventing Childhood Obesity.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Offspring's exposome: a narrative review on the influence of early-life factors on childhood obesity risk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Human breast milk (HBM) is considered the gold standard for infant nutrition due to its optimal nutrient profile and complex composition of cellular and non-cellular components. Breastfeeding positively influences the newborn's gut microbiota and health, reducing the risk of conditions like gastrointestinal infections and chronic diseases (e.g., allergies, asthma, diabetes, and obesity). Research has revealed that HBM contains beneficial microbes that aid gut microbiota maturation through mechanisms like antimicrobial production and pathogen exclusion. The HBM microbiota composition can be affected by several factors, including gestational age, delivery mode, medical treatments, lactation stage, as well as maternal lifestyle habits (e.g., diet, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress level). Particularly, lifestyle factors can play a significant role in shaping the HBM microbiota by directly modulating the microbial composition or influencing the maternal gut microbiota and influencing the HBM microbes through the enteromammary pathway. This narrative review of current findings summarized how maternal lifestyle influences HBM microbiota. While the influence of maternal diet on HBM microbiota is well-documented, indicating that dietary patterns, especially those rich in plant-based proteins and complex carbohydrates, can positively influence HBM microbiota, the impact of other lifestyle factors is poorly investigated. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and breastfeeding is crucial for the health of both mother and baby. Understanding how maternal lifestyle factors influence microbial colonization of HBM, along with their interactions and impact, is key to developing new strategies that support the beneficial maturation of the infant's gut microbiota.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.