ArticleBMC women's health2024
Type of menopause, age of menopause and cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study based on data from Rafsanjan cohort study.
Article in BMC women's health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Age at Iatrogenic Menopause and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Association between early menopause and adverse cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis stratified by smoking status and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among women, but sex-specific risk factors are incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to assess the associations between the type of menopause, and age at natural menopause with the odds of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary heart disease (CHD).
methodsThis cross-sectional study is a part of data from the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) which is a branch of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). A sample of 1767 postmenopausal women were included. The diagnosis for CVD and CHD was based on self-report questionnaires. Menopause age was categorized as < 40, 40-44, 45-49, and ≥ 50. Also, the menopause types were classified as natural and induced menopause (surgery or chemotherapy). The association was evaluated by logistic regressions.
resultsThe menopause age < 40 years had higher odds of CVD compared to women with menopause age > 40 years (OR: 2.66; 95%CI 1.29-5.48). Women with induced menopause had higher odds of CVD compared to women with natural menopause (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.04-1.98). In terms of the odds of CHD, the results showed that the odds of CHD increased in menopause age < 40 years and induced menopause compared to reference groups (OR: 2.49, 95% CI 1.15-5.37, OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.06-2.07, respectively).
conclusionPremature menopause and induced menopause should be considered as important risk factors for CVD, and CHD. Health policymakers should pay more attention to the type of menopause and the age of menopause in postmenopausal women to predict the risk of CVD and preventive strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.