Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39591229›Full record

SynthesisToxins2024

Botulinum Toxin Effects on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Nicola Tambasco, Pasquale Nigro, Alessandro Mechelli, Michele Duranti, Lucilla Parnetti

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Toxins, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nicola TambascoNeurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University Hospital of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1497-4482
Pasquale NigroMovement Disorders Center, Neurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University Hospital of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2736-0095
Alessandro MechelliMovement Disorders Center, Neurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University Hospital of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy.
Michele DurantiDepartment of Radiology, Perugia General Hospital, 06156 Perugia, Italy.
Lucilla ParnettiNeurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University Hospital of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5722-3967

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Freezing of gait is a frequent phenomenon and can be one of the most debilitating motor impairments in Parkinson's disease, especially in the advanced stages. It is currently defined as a brief episodic absence or any marked reduction in the forward progression of the feet, despite the intention to walk. Greater severity of freezing of gait has been associated with more frequent falls, postural instability, and executive dysfunction. However, botulinum neurotoxin is one of the most widely administered therapies for motor and non-motor symptoms, including freezing of gait, in parkinsonism. To date, the literature has had conflicting results on the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease patients. In light of this, we reviewed the findings of past studies that specifically investigated the effects of botulinum toxin on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease in order to better understand this issue.

Indexed as

Botulinum ToxinsGait Disorders, NeurologicParkinson DiseaseGaitHumansBotulinum Toxinsbotulinumbotulinum toxinfreezing of gaitgaitmotor controlParkinson’s disease

Identifiers

PMID39591229
PMCPMC11598804

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.