ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2025
Current knowledge of vertebral osteomyelitis: a review.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiplex quantification of osteomyelitis pathogens based on bead array.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- Differentiating Tuberculous and Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis: Part II: MRI/CT Features, Prediction Models, and the Role of PET/CT-A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Differentiating Tuberculous and Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis: Part I-Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Laboratory Markers, and Tissue-Based Diagnosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Role of poor oral hygiene in the etiology of pyogenic spondylitis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram for differential diagnosis of pyogenic spondylitis and tuberculous spondylitis in China: a multicenter retrospective study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Escherichia coli vertebral osteomyelitis and spondylodiscitis following transurethral lithotripsy: a delayed complication possibly associated with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria - a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of pathogen detection methods in spinal infections: a retrospective study of 287 cases.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Infectious Spondylodiscitis of Bacterial Causes in Adults: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnostic and Treatment Challenges.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Predictors of microbiological yield in image-guided biopsy for spondylodiscitis: impact of prior antibiotic exposure and biopsy timing.Infection · 2026Article
- Lumbosacral Discitis and Vertebral Osteomyelitis Caused by ESBL-ProducingCase reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Integrating metagenomic next-generation sequencing into a multimodal diagnostic framework for spinal infection: enhancing etiological identification and clinical prediction.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Spinal infections.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Unilateral biportal endoscopic debridement with antibiotic-loaded cement beads implantation for lumbar spinal infection: a preliminary report on feasibility and early clinical outcomes.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of percutaneous paramedian small-angle lateral intervertebral foramen Kambin's triangle approach for lumbar puncture biopsy combined with tNGS-based multimodal etiological diagnosis in early spinal infection: a multicenter retrospective diagnostic yield study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- The clinical characteristics and outcomes of anaerobic spondylodiscitis: a retrospective observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Antiadhesive and Antibacterial Coatings for Short-Term Titanium Implants.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2025Article
- Infective Spondylitis in Adults: A Journey Through Diagnosis, Management, and Future Directions.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unmasking the Hidden Culprit: Diagnostic Challenges in Thoracic Spinal Osteomyelitis Following COVID-19 Infection.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAs life expectancy increases worldwide, the elderly population in every country is growing in both the size and proportion. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the microbiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches to vertebral osteomyelitis, summarizing the latest evidence to guide effective treatment.
methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Medline and Embase databases to identify relevant studies on vertebral osteomyelitis. The search included the following keywords: "vertebral osteomyelitis," "spinal infection," "discitis," "spondylitis," " spondylodiscitis," and "spinal epidural abscess." Both retrospective and prospective studies, case series, and reviews were considered.
resultsThis condition is commonly caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or gram-negative bacilli, but can also be caused by other pathogens like fungi and parasites. The onset of vertebral osteomyelitis is insidious, with low specificity in clinical manifestations, often making early diagnosis difficult. Delayed or inadequate treatment may lead to sepsis, permanent neurological damage, or even death. Treatment strategies emphasize the importance of identifying the causative pathogen to guide effective antimicrobial therapy. Current consensus does not advocate for empirical antibiotic treatment unless patients exhibit signs of neurological impairment or severe sepsis. Severe cases involving neurological paralysis, spinal instability, or sepsis may require surgical intervention.
conclusionVertebral osteomyelitis requires prompt diagnosis and treatment for a good prognosis. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to permanent neurological deficits or death. Identifying the causative organism is crucial for guiding appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In addition to conservative and surgical treatments, local drug delivery systems offer new approaches to managing spinal osteomyelitis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.