ArticleBreast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)2025
Color differences of skin paddles using the free flap for autologous breast reconstruction in Asian patients.
Article in Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Profunda artery perforator characteristics and outcomes: a systematic review.Gland surgery · 2025Review
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIn this study, we aimed to evaluate color differences of the skin paddle in autologous breast reconstruction performed using the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap and the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap. The primary focus was to compare the color match between the reconstructed breast skin and the donor-site skin, to achieve optimal esthetic results.
methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patients who had undergone unilateral breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap or a PAP flap between January 2020 and December 2022. The colors were captured using a digital camera and analyzed using Adobe Photoshop 2024 software. The L*, a*, and b* coordinates were used. The International Commission on Illumination Delta E 2000 (CIEDE2000) score was used to quantify color differences, comparing skin tones of the unaffected breast, DIEP flap, PAP flap, abdomen, and medial thigh.
resultsA total of 125 patients were analyzed. The DIEP flap demonstrated a closer color match to the native breast skin compared with the PAP flap (CIEDE2000 scores, 5.29 vs. 8.69, p < 0.01). No significant difference in color deformity with time was found between the DIEP flap and the PAP flap (CIEDE2000 scores, 5.61 vs. 8.25, p = 0.17).
conclusionOur findings suggest that the DIEP flap results in a more favorable color match for breast reconstruction than the PAP flap, enhancing esthetic outcomes. These results underscore the importance of considering skin color matching in flap selection for breast reconstruction surgery.
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