[Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Cardiology Hospital].

Background: The worldwide appearance of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) strains is a growing public health problem for developing countries such as Mexico. Knowledge of the current scenario of antimicrobial prevalence and resistance will help in the development of an antibiotic use policy for KP infections. Objective: To determine the prevalence of KP ESBL and non-ESBL KP, as well as their profile of susceptibility to antimicrobials from isolates from patients with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in a Third Level Cardiology Hospital. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional observational study, was carried out in the facilities of the Hospital de Cardiología CMN SXXI, all KP isolates were studied during the period 2020 to 2023. Results: Of 1967 HAI cases, 9.5% were KP isolates, 49% were ESBL KP, and 51% were non-ESBL KP. In the cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility profile of KP ESBL, good sensitivity to amikacin, ertapenem, and meropenem was found; for non-ESBL KP, good sensitivity to amikacin, ertapenem, meropenem, and 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins was found. Conclusions: Monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility will support the treating physician in making the best decision for the treatment of these infections, since the imprudent use of antibiotics has made several bacteria become resistant to them today.