ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2024
Mediating effect of working conditions on the association between education and early labour market exit: a cohort study of Swedish men.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk factors for voluntary early old-age retirement in middle-aged workers: A meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of unemployment risk factors for middle-aged workers.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Pooled it
- Favorable changes in health- and work-related factors and subsequent work ability in midlife and older social and health care employees.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2026Article
- Educational disparities in labor market participation among middle-aged Koreans with chronic diseases: evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Elderly Employment.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIt is not fully known what explains educational inequalities in early labour market exits. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of exposure to unfavourable working conditions, measured by low job control and high physical workload, on the association between education and early labour market exit among men.
methodsThis register-based study included all men born 1951-1953, who underwent Swedish military conscription in late adolescence and had a registered educational level in 2005 (n=115 998). These men were followed from ages 53-55 to 64 regarding early labour market exit (disability pension, long-term sickness absence, long-term unemployment, early old-age retirement with and without income). Mediation analysis was used to examine the role of job control and physical workload in explaining the educational differences in early exit. Factors measured in childhood and late adolescence were included as confounders.
resultsThe proportion mediated by job control was around 17% and for physical workload around 22% for the least educated men for exit through disability pension, long-term sickness absence and long-term unemployment. For early old-age retirement with and without income, working conditions were not mediating factors, except for job control mediating up to 18% for exit through early old-age retirement with income.
conclusionsJob control and physical workload seem to be important factors explaining the educational differences in most early exit routes, also after accounting for early life factors. These results indicate the importance of improving working conditions to decrease inequalities in early labour market exit and prolong working life.
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Registered trials
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