Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39584737›Full record

ArticleFolia parasitologica2024

High frequency of point mutations in the nitroreductase 4 and 6 genes of Trichomonas vaginalis associated with metronidazole resistance.

Isabel Iturrieta-Gonzalez, Pamela Olivares-Ferretti, Alejandro Hidalgo, Fabiola Zambrano, Ximena Ossa, Flery Fonseca-Salamanca, Angelica Melo

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Folia parasitologica, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Molecular Diagnosis ofJournal of tropical medicine · 2026
    Review
  2. Targeting histone acetylation to overcome drug resistance in the parasitebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Isabel Iturrieta-GonzalezCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000184269530
Pamela Olivares-FerrettiCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000157593271
Alejandro HidalgoCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000222474878
Fabiola ZambranoCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000348400508
Ximena OssaPublic Health Department, Centre of Excellence Training, Research and Management for Evidence-Based Health (CIGES), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000326260946
Flery Fonseca-SalamancaCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000311713105
Angelica MeloCentre of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Nucleus of Scientific and Technological Bioresources (CEMT-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.ORCID 0000000277033578

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Trichomoniasis, a globally distributed sexually transmitted infection, is caused by the urogenital parasite Trichomonas vaginalis Donné, 1836 affecting both women and men. The treatment of choice is metronidazole (MTZ). In the present study, 15 samples of vaginal discharge and urine were analysed by sequencing nitroreductase genes (ntr4 and ntr6). An in silico model was structured to illustrate the location of point mutations (PM) in the protein. The ntr4 gene presented four PMs: G76C (10/10), C213G (9/10), C318A (5/10) and G424A (1/10), while the ntr6 gene had eight PMs; G593A (13/13) the most frequent, G72T and G627C, both in 8/13. The PM C213G and A438T generated a stop codon causing a truncated nitroreductase 4 and 6 protein. Docking analysis demonstrated that some models had a decrease in binding affinity to MTZ (p < 0.0001). A high frequency of mutations was observed in the samples analysed that could be associated with resistance to MTZ in Chile.

Indexed as

Drug ResistanceMetronidazoleNitroreductasesPoint MutationTrichomonas vaginalisAntiprotozoal AgentsChileFemaleHumansProtozoan ProteinsTrichomonas VaginitisAntiprotozoal AgentsMetronidazoleNitroreductasesProtozoan Proteinsclinical samples.dysfunctional enzymegenital infectionprotein polymorphismrefractory treatmenttrichomoniasis

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.