ArticleJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2025
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Incontinence: Assessment and Toileting Issues.
Article in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prompted Voiding Utilising Toilet Alarms and Individual Toileting Plans for Adults With an Intellectual Disability And Incontinence.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Characterisation of Pelvic Floor Muscle Activation in Adults With Intellectual Disability Using Surface Electromyography: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance among people with intellectual disabilities in long-term care facilities: an exploratory, isolate-based surveillance study based on routine diagnostics between 2018 and 2023 in the Netherlands.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Incontinence: Assessment and Toileting Issues.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUrinary and bowel incontinence are more common in adults with intellectual disability (ID), compared to the general population. Little is known about their incontinence experiences and toileting issues. The aim was to learn about their experiences and toileting issues.
methodIncontinence and toileting issues assessment was conducted with a community-based sample of 22 adults with ID and urinary incontinence, with or without bowel incontinence. Assessment included the IPSS, ICIQ-UI, and POTI checklists; bladder scans; and urine sample screening for presence of a urinary tract infection.
resultsThe majority (19 adults, 86%) developed urinary incontinence during adulthood. Seven adults (32%) also experienced bowel incontinence, and constipation was the most commonly reported health condition (13 adults, 59%), other than urinary incontinence. Fifty per cent (11 adults) had been treated for a urinary tract infection within the previous 12 months.
conclusionThere is an urgent need to develop accessible and reliable incontinence assessment materials with and for adults with ID and their supporters. These assessments should pay close attention to health conditions that can cause incontinence in this group and factors associated with incontinence which are more commonly experienced by adults with ID. These factors are potentially modifiable.
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Registered trials
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