ArticleHepatology international2025
The dynamic patterns of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and its severity and risk of cardiovascular disease.
Article in Hepatology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is widely recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the connection between the dynamic patterns of severity of hepatic steatosis and the associated CVD risk remains uncertain.
methodThis study included 71,098 participants from the Kailuan Study without CVD or cancer who underwent two consecutive biennial health screenings between 2006 and 2008 and were followed up until 2022. MAFLD and its severity were assessed using ultrasound. Participants were categorized into four groups based on dynamic MAFLD patterns: MAFLD-free, MAFLD-progression, MAFLD-regression, and MAFLD-persistence. MAFLD-regression was further divided into regression from mild MAFLD and regression from moderate/severe MAFLD. Cox proportional hazard regression models analyzed the association between the progression and regression of MAFLD and CVD risk.
resultAfter a mean follow-up of 12.63 ± 3.16 years, 7838 individuals experienced incident CVD, 5374 had strokes, 1321 had myocardial infarctions, and 1819 developed heart failure. After adjusting for potential confounders, MAFLD-progression was associated with a higher CVD risk compared to MAFLD-free (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.17-1.33), but this risk decreased with increasing age. Individuals with MAFLD-persistence had the highest CVD risk (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.46-1.62). Compared to persistent MAFLD, regression from mild MAFLD was associated with a lower CVD risk (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.91).
conclusionThe progression of MAFLD can increase the risk of CVD, while regression of MAFLD can decrease the risk of CVD. These findings suggest that the dynamic patterns of MAFLD significantly influence CVD risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39580564What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.