ArticleZoonoses and public health2025
Historical Summary of Tick and Animal Surveillance Studies for Lyme Disease in Canada, 1975-2023: A Scoping Review.
Article in Zoonoses and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevention of neuroinfectious-diseases: high impact of vaccination programs - but the potential is not maxed out yet.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- Review
- Mapping the bird risk index for West Nile virus in Europe and its relationship with disease occurrence in humans.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLyme disease (LD) is caused by infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bb) through the bite of an infected Ixodes spp. tick. LD has emerged as a public and animal health issue in Canada, with human incidence increasing in part due to the expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and their vertebrate hosts. We sought to provide the first comprehensive summary of published tick and animal surveillance literature regarding LD in Canada to describe changes in LD over time.
methodsWe conducted a review to identify peer-reviewed LD-focused tick, mammal, and bird surveillance articles in three online databases between 1975 and 2023. Data on study characteristics, data collection years, and surveillance methods and findings were extracted. Descriptive statistics were reported.
resultsIn total, 115 studies were included for review. Results showed an increase in published surveillance literature and changes in study approaches and their provincial distribution over time, coinciding with increased LD cases in Canada. Seventy-four studies were published after 2014 when Canada's Federal Framework on Lyme Disease Act was introduced, and two-thirds of these studies focused on tick surveillance only. Overall, 58% of studies involved surveillance in Ontario but increases in all other provinces were observed after 2009.
conclusionsObserved changes in five decades of LD-related tick and animal surveillance literature helps document the historical rapid spread of Ixodes and Bb across provinces. This can provide lessons for other regions that may transition from emerging to endemic status for LD in the coming years.
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Registered trials
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