ArticleChild development
Like mother like child: Differential impact of mothers' and fathers' individual language use on bilingual language exposure.
Article in Child development. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patterns of Mother, Father, and Child Code-Switching and Links With Child Language Development.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026Article
- Bilingual Families Align Their Languages During Naturalistic Interactions: Evidence from Two Bilingual Communities.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Trilingual families' language strategies: potential predictors and effect on trilingual exposure.International journal of multilingualism · 2025Article
- Sometimes larger, sometimes smaller: Measuring vocabulary in monolingual and bilingual infants and toddlers.First language · 2024Article
- Like mother like child: Differential impact of mothers' and fathers' individual language use on bilingual language exposure.Child developmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Language exposure is an important determiner of language outcomes in bilingual children. Family language strategies (FLS, e.g., one-parent-one-language) were contrasted with parents' individual language use to predict language exposure in 4-31-month-old children (50% female) living in Montreal, Quebec. Two-hundred twenty one children (primarily European (48%) and mixed ethnicity (29%)) were learning two community languages (French and English) and 60 (primarily mixed ethnicity (39%) and European (16%)) were learning one community and one heritage language. Parents' individual language use better predicted exposure than FLS (explaining ~50% vs. ~6% of variance). Mothers' language use was twice as influential on children's exposure as fathers', likely due to gendered caregiving roles. In a subset of families followed longitudinally, ~25% showed changes in FLS and individual language use over time. Caregivers, especially mothers, individually shape bilingual children's language exposure.
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Registered trials
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