Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39575545›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2024

Investigating reformulation in the Canadian food supply between 2017 and 2020 and its impact on food prices.

Emily R Ziraldo, Guanlan Hu, Ayesha Khan, Mary R L'Abbé

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Emily R ZiraldoDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Guanlan HuDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ayesha KhanDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mary R L'AbbéDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study examined the relationship between reformulation and food price in Canadian packaged foods and beverages between 2017 and 2020.

designMatched foods and beverages in the University of Toronto Food Label Information and Price 2017 and 2020 databases were analysed (

settingLarge grocery retailers by market share in Canada.

participantsFoods and beverages available in 2017 and 2020.

resultsFood price changes differed by retailer and by food category (e.g. increased in Bakery, Snacks, etc; decreased in Beverages, Miscellaneous, etc.). Nutrient reformulation was minimal and bidirectional with the highest proportion of products changing in sodium (17·8 %; 8·4 % increased and 9·4 % decreased). The relationship between nutrient reformulation and price change was insignificant for all nutrients overall and was not consistent across food categories. Average FSANZ score did not change (7·5 in both years). For Legumes and Combination dishes, improvements in nutritional quality were associated with a price decrease and increase, respectively.

conclusionsStronger policies are required to incentivise reformulation in Canada. Results do not provide evidence of reformulation impacting food prices.

Indexed as

CommerceFood SupplyNutritive ValueBeveragesCanadaFoodFood LabelingHumansFood composition databaseFood priceFood supplyNutrient profilingNutritional composition

Identifiers

PMID39575545
PMCPMC11705022

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.