ArticleScientific reports2024
Burnout components, perceived stress and hair cortisol in healthcare professionals during the second wave of COVID 19 pandemic.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Occupational Risk Factors for Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Professionals: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Performance of AI Tools in Citing Retracted Literature : Content Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Burnout and Depression of Medical Faculty: After Mass Resignation of Junior Doctors in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2025-05-19Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions · Error in Results and/or Conclusions · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Objections by Author(s) · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in Argentina, during the second wave in 2021. The aim is to assess stress and burnout, incorporating the assessment of hair cortisol levels as a biomarker of chronic stress. A total of 496 healthcare workers from three different hospitals were included in this study. Two of these hospitals depend on the Buenos Aires City Ministry of Health and the third hospital belongs to Buenos Aires University. Hair samples were obtained using scissors from the posterior vertex, as close to the scalp as possible. Each sample was weighed, and cortisol was extracted and then measured using an automated chemiluminescent method. Notably, 10% of the population exhibited hair cortisol levels above 128 pg/mg. Associations were found between high hair cortisol levels and age, workload, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization. In addition, burnout, identified in 11% of participants, correlated with higher perceived stress and lower social support. Binary logistic regression revealed associations between burnout and perceived stress, and age. Finally, mediation analysis showed depersonalization as a mediating variable in the relationship between hair cortisol concentration and emotional exhaustion. In conclusion, this study highlights the complex relationships between stress, cortisol levels, and burnout. Prioritizing interventions and research is essential to support the well-being of frontline healthcare professionals, ensuring their resilience during challenging times.
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Registered trials
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