ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2024
Inpatient Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Influenza in Children Younger Than 5 Years in Japan, 2011-2022: A Database Study.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Management cost of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalisation episodes in children: a retrospective analysis of a regionally representative medical database in Eastern China.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Immunological mechanisms and prevention strategies for febrile seizures in children.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization costs, rates, and seasonality in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Cost-Effectiveness and Public Health Impact of Universal Prophylaxis with Nirsevimab Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infections in all Infants in Japan.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Spatial and temporal variability of respiratory syncytial virus disease seasonality in Japan, 2012-2024.Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyArticle
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus are major viral etiologies of pediatric lower respiratory tract infection, but comparative data on inpatient burden are lacking.
methodsUsing a large-scale health claims database in Japan, we identified patients under 5 years of age with a confirmed RSV or influenza diagnosis as an outpatient or inpatient between 2011 and 2022. Hospitalization rate, inpatient characteristics, various in-hospital outcomes/complications, and healthcare resource utilization were described.
resultsA total of 176,911 RSV-confirmed outpatients, 153,383 influenza-confirmed outpatients, 90,413 RSV-confirmed hospitalizations, and 11,186 influenza-confirmed hospitalizations were identified. Among outpatients, 24.7% of RSV infection and 2.8% of influenza cases required hospitalization within 1 week. There was no co-morbidities/prematurity for 95.0% of RSV hospitalizations and 96.5% of influenza hospitalizations. Proportions of in-hospital outcomes/complications were (RSV infection vs. influenza): oxygen use 47.6% vs. 14.8%, mechanical ventilation 2.1% vs. 0.7%, pneumonia 33.6% vs. 12.8%, otitis media 7.7% vs. 2.3%, febrile seizure 1.5% vs. 34.4%, encephalitis/encephalopathy 0.1% vs. 0.5%, myocarditis < 0.1% vs. 0.6%, antibiotics prescription 48.0% vs. 24.4%. The mean inpatient stay was 6.1 vs. 4.3 days at direct medical costs of 435,744 vs. 315,809 JPY/patient. These trends held true in age-stratified data. In-hospital death occurred in 31 RSV infection and 6 influenza cases.
conclusionsAlthough both infections resulted in substantial burden, RSV infection led to more frequent hospitalizations, worse in-hospital outcomes, longer inpatient stays, higher medical costs, and more frequent antibiotics prescription compared to influenza. Most RSV hospitalizations occurred among healthy term children, emphasizing the need for prevention measures in all children.
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