Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39571795›Full record

ArticleJournal of food protection2025

Demographic Characteristics and County-level Indicators of Social Vulnerability in Salmonellosis Outbreaks Linked to Ground Beef-United States, 2012-2018.

Michelle A Waltenburg, Zainab Salah, Michelle Canning, Kelly McCain, David Rickless, Michael Ablan, Tamara N Crawford, Mabel Sheau Fong Low, Misha Robyn, Noelle Angelique M Molinari and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of food protection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Michelle A WaltenburgCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Zainab SalahCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Michelle CanningCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
Kelly McCainCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
David RicklessCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Michael AblanCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Tamara N CrawfordCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Mabel Sheau Fong LowCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Misha RobynCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Noelle Angelique M MolinariCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Katherine E MarshallCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Electronic address: uwj0@cdc.gov.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ground beef is a common source of US Salmonella illnesses and outbreaks. However, the demographic and socioeconomic factors that are related to risk in ground beef-associated outbreaks of Salmonella infections are poorly understood. We describe the individual-level demographic characteristics and county-level indicators of social vulnerability for people infected with Salmonella linked to outbreaks associated with ground beef in the United States during 2012-2018. Non-Hispanic (NH) White and NH American Indian/Alaska Native persons, and people living in nonmetropolitan areas, were overrepresented among people in salmonellosis outbreaks linked to ground beef. Case patients disproportionately resided in counties with high social vulnerability, suggesting that one or more community social risk factors may contribute to or be associated with some food safety risks. Collecting and analyzing socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of people in outbreaks can help identify disparities in foodborne disease, which can be further characterized and inform equity-focused interventions.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksAdolescentAdultAgedAnimalsCattleChildChild, PreschoolDemographyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSalmonellaSalmonella Food PoisoningFoodborne illnessSalmonellaSocial vulnerability

Identifiers

PMID39571795
PMCPMC11773426

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.