Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39570293›Full record

ArticleGlobal health action2024

Children's exposure to unhealthy food advertising on Philippine television: content analysis of marketing strategies and temporal patterns.

Elaine Q Borazon, Ma Rica Magracia, Gild Rick Ong, Bridget Kelly Gillott, Sally Mackay, Boyd Swinburn, Tilakavati Karupaiah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Global health action, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Elaine Q BorazonInternational Graduate Program of Education and Human Development, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-7232-0893
Ma Rica MagraciaInternational Graduate Program of Education and Human Development, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Gild Rick OngSchool of BioSciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0009-0006-5047-7888
Bridget Kelly GillottEarly Start, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Sally MackayFaculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-4135-6738
Boyd SwinburnSchool of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-2131-045X
Tilakavati KarupaiahSchool of BioSciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-5808-8074

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study conducted an exploratory content analysis of TV food advertisements on the top three most popular channels for Filipino children aged two to 17 during school and non-school days.

methodsData were collected by manually recording of aired advertisements from 16 non-school days (July to September 2020) and 16 school days (January to April 2021). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to assess children's rates of exposure to food advertisements (mean ± SD of advertisements aired per channel per hour), the healthiness of promoted foods (as permitted (healthier) or not permitted (unhealthy) according to nutrient profiling models from the World Health Organization), and persuasive techniques used in food advertisements, including promotional characters and premium offers.

resultsThe results show that the rates of exposure to food advertisements were higher during school days (14.6 ± 14.8) than on non-school days (11.9 ± 12.0) (

conclusionChildren are exposed to a large volume of television advertisements for foods that should not be permitted to be marketed to children based on authoritative nutrient criteria.

Indexed as

AdvertisingTelevisionAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFoodHumansMaleMarketingPhilippinesSchoolsadvertisementsChildrenfoodmarketingpersuasive techniquestelevision

Identifiers

PMID39570293
PMCPMC11583323

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.