ArticlePolymer2023
Comparison of nanocomposite dispersion and distribution for several melt mixers.
Article in Polymer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mapping a sustainable approach: biosynthesis of lactobacilli-silver nanocomposites using whey-based medium for antimicrobial and bioactivity applications.Microbial cell factories · 2024Article
- Reactive processing-microstructure-mechanical performance correlations in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/expanded graphite nanocomposites.RSC advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breakup (dispersion) and distribution of nanoparticles are the chief hurdles towards taking advantage of nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposites for reinforcement, flame retardancy, conductivity, chromaticity, and other properties. Microscopy is often used to quantify mixing, but it has a limited field of view, does not average over bulk samples, and fails to address nano-particle hierarchical structures. Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) can provide a macroscopic statistical average of nanoscale dispersion (breakup) and emergent hierar-chical structure, as well as the distribution on the nanoscale. This work compares several common mixer geometries for carbon black-polystyrene nanocomposites. Two twin-screw extruder geometries, typical for industrial processing of melt blends, are compared with a laboratory-scale single screw extruder and a Banbury mixer. It is found that for a given mixer, nanoscale distribution increases following a van der Waals function using accumulated strain as an analogue for temperature while macroscopic distribution/dispersion, using microscopy, does not follow this dependency. Breakup and aggregation in dispersive mixing follow expected behavior on the nanoscale. Across these drastically different mixing geometries an unexpected dependency is observed for nanoscale distributive mixing (both nano and macroscopic) as a function of accumulated strain that may reflect a transition from distributive turbulent to dispersive laminar mixing as the mixing gap is reduced.
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Registered trials
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