ArticleCancer gene therapy2025
Oncolytic virus encoding 4-1BBL and IL15 enhances the efficacy of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte adoptive therapy in HCC.
Article in Cancer gene therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oncolytic virus therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric analysis of research landscapes, hotspots, and clinical transformation trends from 2000 to mid-2025.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Leveraging multimodal cancer immunotherapy to amplify the efficacy of oncolytic viruses.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Multiple autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (LM103 infusion) therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor induces repeated tumor regression in a patient with aggressive mucosal melanoma: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies have found that oncolytic virus (OVs) can improve the efficacy of TIL adoptive therapy in oral cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer. However, the curative effect in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of OVs encoding 4-1BBL and IL15 (OV-4-1BBL/IL15) combined with TIL adoptive therapy on HCC. In this study, the role and immunological mechanism of armed OVs combined with TILs were evaluated by flow cytometry and ELISA in patient-derived xenograft and syngeneic mouse tumor models. Co-culturing with TILs can up-regulate the expression of antigen-presenting cell (APC) markers on the surface of OV-infected primary HCC cells, and promote the specific activation ability and tumor-killing ability of TILs. OV-4-1BBL/IL15 combined with TIL adoptive therapy could induce tumor volume reduction and anti-tumor immune memory in patient-derived xenograft and syngeneic mouse tumor models. Furthermore, OV combined with TIL adoptive therapy can endow tumor cells with aAPC characteristics, activate T cells at the same time, and reprogram tumor macrophages into anti-tumor phenotype. OV-4-1BBL/IL15 can stimulate the anti-tumor potential of TIL therapy in HCC, and possess broad clinical application prospects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.