ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2025
First cycle toxicity and survival in patients with rare cancers treated with checkpoint inhibitors.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02834013 (DART), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
DART: Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multicenter phase II trial of ipilimumab and nivolumab in metastatic or unresectable perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa): a substudy ofJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Moving Beyond the Plateau in Immune Checkpoint Inhibition-The Imperative of Early Referral and Precision Strategies.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Article
- Inhibitory receptor profiles for joint prediction of benefit and toxicity in immune checkpoint blockade.iScience · 2026Review
- Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Patients With Advanced Solid Organ Malignancies.International journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- The management of rheumatic immune related adverse events.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Driving innovation in cancer symptom science through translational research: bridging science and practice.Current opinion in supportive and palliative care · 2026Review
- DUSP11 is an Intracellular Innate Immune Checkpoint in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Review
- Immunotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: advances and challenges.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAssociations between immune-related adverse events from checkpoint inhibitor therapy and outcomes have been previously evaluated, with most prior research finding a positive association between toxicity and survival. This prior research has generally reported on more common tumor types. We use a unique data resource of a federally funded basket trial (NCT02834013) for patients with rare cancers (n = 684) to evaluate associations between immune-related adverse events and overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS).
methodsPatients were treated with nivolumab and ipilimumab; the trial was opened at more than 1000 sites. Landmark Cox regression models were used to assess first cycle immune-related adverse event associations with PFS and overall survival.
resultsWe found that grade 1-2 treatment-related immune-related adverse events in the first cycle of therapy were associated with longer overall survival (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49 to 0.75; P < .001) compared with no treatment-related immune-related adverse event, while grade 3-4 immune-related adverse events were associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.90; P = .025). Similar but weaker associations were observed with PFS and grade 1-2 treatment-related immune-related adverse events (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.67 to 1.01; P = .067) and grade 3-4 (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.78; P = .037) compared with no treatment-related immune-related adverse events. Grade 1-2 dermatologic toxicity was associated with improved overall survival compared with other grade 1-2 toxicities (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52 to 0.85; P = .002). There was no statistically significant overall survival difference between patients with grade 1-2 fatigue, gastrointestinal, metabolic, hepatic, endocrine, and thyroid toxicities vs other grade 1-2 toxicities.
conclusionIn this large cohort of patients with rare tumors receiving checkpoint inhibitor therapy, grade of immune-related adverse event in the first cycle was predictive for survival.
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