ArticlePLOS global public health2024
Cognitive dissonance in tuberculosis stigma: A mixed methods analysis of tuberculosis stigma measurement in South Africa.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Settings, characteristics, and experiences of stigma among people with tuberculosis in Kenya: National survey results.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The effect of smart pillboxes on TB stigma among adults in a cluster-randomised TB treatment trial.IJTLD open · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Mental Health Problems Among Tuberculosis Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand: A Hospital-Based Survey.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Patient and Community Perspectives Towards Tuberculosis are the most common measure of tuberculosis (TB) stigma in sub-Saharan Africa. The instrument and its sub-scales (patient and community) have been quantitatively validated but have not undergone qualitative exploration in South Africa.
methodsWe explored whether the Patient Perspectives Towards Tuberculosis adequately represents stigma as experienced by people with TB in South Africa. We used mixed methods to explore differences between the lived experience of TB and the quantitative stigma score. Participants with rifampicin-resistant TB and HIV co-infection completed the quantitative scale. Among those, 30 also completed qualitative interviews about their experiences and perceptions of TB stigma. We used cognitive interviewing techniques to interrogate congruence between the two data sources.
resultsThe scale demonstrated adequate factor structure with approximately normal distribution. Participants qualitatively described experiences and perceptions of stigma that contradicted their quantitative responses. The scale could not discriminate between participants who reported distressing experiences of TB stigma, and those who did not. Item wording caused confusion, and many elements of TB stigma most discussed by participants are not reflected in the scale.
conclusionsThe Patient Perspectives Towards Tuberculosis lacks theoretical and experiential domains that are central to TB stigma in South Africa. Studies validating stigma scales in new populations should integrate a mixed-methods approach to ensure content validity.
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Registered trials
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