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ArticleTrials2024

Integrating habit science and learning theory to promote maintenance of behavior change: does adding text messages to a habit-based sleep health intervention (HABITs) improve outcomes for eveningness chronotype young adults? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Marlen Diaz, Estephania Ovalle Patino, Sophia Oliver, Sondra S Tiab, Nena Salazar, Jiyoung Song, Lu Dong, Laurel D Sarfan, Eli S Susman, Emma R Agnew and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05167695 (Maintaining Behavior Change), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05167695 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

Maintaining Behavior Change: An Evaluation of a Habit-based Sleep Health Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, BerkeleyRan2022 to 2026Enrolled160ConditionsCircadian DysregulationArmsHabit-based Sleep Health Intervention, Text messaging intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Marlen DiazDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Estephania Ovalle PatinoDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Sophia OliverDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Sondra S TiabDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nena SalazarDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Jiyoung SongDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Lu DongBehavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Laurel D SarfanDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Eli S SusmanDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Emma R AgnewDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Benjamin GardnerSchool of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK.
Allison G HarveyDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. aharvey@berkeley.edu.

Funding

UC Davis Advancing Diversity in the Neuroscience Research (ADNR) ProgramR25NS112130 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI USREY, W MARTIN · 2019 to 2023
$1.2M
Colon Cancer Networks: Linking Modeling to ExperimentR43CA094702 · NCI · GENE NETWORK SCIENCES, INC. · PI KHALIL, IYA G · 2002 to 2002
$100k
NCI NIH HHS R43 CA094702NINDS NIH HHS R25 NS112130
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEveningness chronotype-the tendency for later sleep and wake times-arises from a confluence of psychosocial, behavioral, and biological factors. With the onset and progression of puberty, many young people develop an eveningness chronotype, which remains prevalent through the transition into adulthood. Eveningness has been associated with increased risk for poorer health. While eveningness is modifiable, maintaining the necessary behavior changes can be challenging. The science on habits demonstrates that habit formation is a key mechanism for maintaining behavior change over time. Learning theory offers schedules of reinforcement that also hold promise for enhancing the maintenance of behavior change. The present study will evaluate the Habit-based Sleep Health Intervention (HABITs)-which combines the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) with the science of habits-and a text message intervention informed by learning theory to attempt to sustainably modify the contributors to eveningness among young adults (18-30 years of age).

methodsParticipants (N = 160) will be randomly allocated to HABITs and HABITs + Texts. Both interventions include HABITs which involves three 50-min sessions followed by six 30-min sessions. Alongside the latter six sessions, HABITs + Texts will concurrently receive the text message intervention. Aims 1-3 will compare HABITs + Texts to HABITs on improvements in the outcomes of (1) utilization of sleep health behaviors and habit formation, (2) sleep and circadian functioning, and (3) functioning in five health-relevant domains, in the short (post-treatment) and longer (6-month and 12-month follow-up) term. Exploratory analysis will (1) compare HABITs and HABITs + Texts on (a) if sleep health behavior habit formation mediates the effects of intervention on improvement in outcomes and (b) if intervention effects are moderated by select variables, and (2) to evaluate if HABITs (regardless of the text message intervention) is associated with an improvement in outcomes in the short and longer term. DISCUSSION: This study has the potential to advance knowledge on (1) the value of leveraging the science of habits and learning theory in behavior change interventions, (2) the use of a low-cost and efficient intervention for habit formation and maintenance, (3) interventions that address eveningness chronotype, and (4) processes related to behavior change during emerging adulthood.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT05167695. Registered on December 22, 2021.

Indexed as

HabitsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSleepText MessagingAdolescentAdultAge FactorsBehavior TherapyChronotypeCircadian RhythmFemaleHealth BehaviorHumansLearningMaleSleep QualityCircadianHabitsHealthInterventionSleepText messageTransdiagnostic

Identifiers

PMID39563407
PMCPMC11577865

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.