ArticleNature communications2024
Acute canopy deficits in global cities exposed by the 3-30-300 benchmark for urban nature.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neighborhood Tree Canopy Coverage and Building Fraction as Modifiers for Heat-related Mortality among Older Adults in Sweden's Largest Urban Areas.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Assessing European cities with the 3-30-300 rule underscores the need for enhanced urban greening efforts.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Urban forests baseline and ecosystem benefits of a tropical metropolis: case of Dhaka, Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Urban forestry for cooler cities faces three critical hurdles.Nature communications · 2026Article
- CoolWalks for active mobility in urban street networks.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The 3-30-300 rule is a recently proposed metric that sets minimum standards for access to nature in cities for human wellbeing. It specifies that homes, schools and workplaces should have a view of 3 trees, be in a neighbourhood with over 30% tree canopy cover and be within 300 m walk of a park. This metric is an important progression for assessing urban nature because it is easy to understand, highly local, and sets a pass/fail benchmark for green infrastructure. Using datasets of over 2.5 million buildings in eight cities, we show that most buildings fail the 3-30-300 rule due to inadequate tree canopy, even in well-known global cities (the cities are Amsterdam, Buenos Aires, Seattle, Denver, New York, Singapore, Melbourne and Sydney). The '3' standard was met more often, while achievement of the '300' standard was patchy. Further analysis indicates that existing trees are too small for adequate canopy cover. Cities should invest in improving planting conditions to support tree growth and enhance governance to reduce premature removals and excessive pruning.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.