ArticleScientific reports2024
Association between proton pump inhibitors and dementia risk: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Proton pump inhibitors and risk of hearing loss; a systematic review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Medication-safety burden of omeprazole in psychiatric inpatients: A retrospective cross-sectional study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Inconsistency in the Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Dementia Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Long-term proton pump inhibitor use and risk of dementia: a focused review on pantoprazole.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)-An Evidence-Based Review of Indications, Efficacy, Harms, and Deprescribing.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous observational studies suggest associations between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia, but causal relationships remain uncertain. Using large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we performed univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) analysis to assess the causality between five PPI types, and all-cause dementia and its five subtypes. Confounders were controlled through multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis to isolate PPIs' direct effects on dementia. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy assessments, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to validate the robustness of our results. Initial UVMR estimates suggested that lansoprazole (odds ratio [OR] 1.291; 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.665; p = 0.049) and pantoprazole (OR 1.118; 95% CI 1.014-1.233; p = 0.025) potentially increased VD risk, with their respective direct associations also discovered in MVMR. Additionally, FTD was found to reversely increase rabeprazole use (OR 1.086; 95% CI 1.011-1.167; p = 0.023). However, after adjustment for the false discovery rate (FDR), none of these associations remained statistically significant (p
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.