ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2025
Integrating natural commensals and pathogens into preclinical mouse models.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Natural microbiota confer life-long protection against obesity via an early-life, immune-mediated effect on brown adipocytes.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- A naturalized gut microbiome interacts with dietary fibers to protect against colonic inflammation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Good neighbors make lasting memory.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- The Human Microbiome in Airborne Particulate Matter-Associated Aging-Related Chronic Diseases: An Evidence-Stratified Review.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- A gavage-fomite based method to generate mouse models with natural microbiota.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Mathematical and Mouse Models Identify Regulatory T Cell Influx as A Key Determinant of Acquired Resistance to PD-1 Immunotherapy.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Hematological consequences of environmental change during dewilding of rhesus macaques.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A gavage-fomite based method to generate mouse models with natural microbiota.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Functions and features of circulating memory T cells.Immunity · 2026Review
- Optimization of Preclinical Rodent Research Models of Human Shock: Part One Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
- Diverse Microbial Exposure Enhances CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- The role of immune responses and microbiota in adipose tissue homeostasis.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Hematological Consequences of Environmental Change During Dewilding of Rhesus Macaques.Research square · 2025Article
- Naturalized immune responses are stable over years in a colony of laboratory mice with wild-derived microbiota.Immunity · 2025Article
- Microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms of disease and therapeutic opportunities.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Physiological microbial exposure normalizes memory T cell surveillance of the brain and modifies host seizure outcomes.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Improving bench-to-bedside translation for acute graft-versus-host disease models.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- Comparison of naturalization mouse model setups uncover distinct effects on intestinal mucosa depending on microbial experience.Discovery immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Fundamental discoveries in many aspects of mammalian physiology have been made using laboratory mice as research models. These studies have been facilitated by the genetic tractability and inbreeding of such mice, the large set of immunological reagents that are available, and the establishment of environmentally controlled, high-throughput facilities. Such facilities typically include barriers to keep the mouse colonies free of pathogens and the frequent re-derivation of the mice severely limits their commensal flora. Because humans have co-evolved with microorganisms and are exposed to a variety of pathogens, a growing community of researchers posits that preclinical disease research can be improved by studying mice in the context of the microbiota and pathogens that they would encounter in the natural world. Here, we provide a perspective of how these different approaches can be combined and integrated to improve existing mouse models to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and develop new therapies for humans. We also propose that the term 'mice with natural microbiota' is more appropriate for describing these models than existing terms such as 'dirty mice'.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.