Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39562343›Full record

ArticleAge and ageing2024

Equality of opportunity for timely dementia diagnosis (EQUATED): a qualitative study of how people from minoritised ethnic groups experience the early symptoms of dementia and seek help.

Christine Carter, Moïse Roche, Elenyd Whitfield, Jessica Budgett, Sarah Morgan-Trimmer, Sedigheh Zabihi, Yvonne Birks, Fiona Walter, Mark Wilberforce, Jessica Jiang and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Age and ageing, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The Experience of Stigma Within the Young Onset Dementia (YOD) Population: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Christine CarterQueen Mary University of London Wolfston Institution of Population Health-Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Yvonne Carter House, London E1 2AD, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7650-8108
Moïse RocheUCL-Division of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Elenyd WhitfieldQueen Mary University of London Wolfston Institution of Population Health-Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Yvonne Carter House, London E1 2AD, UK.
Jessica BudgettQueen Mary University of London Wolfston Institution of Population Health-Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Yvonne Carter House, London E1 2AD, UK.
Sarah Morgan-TrimmerUniversity of Exeter Medical School, Health and Community Services Exeter, UK.
Sedigheh ZabihiQueen Mary University of London Wolfston Institution of Population Health-Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Yvonne Carter House, London E1 2AD, UK.
Yvonne BirksUniversity of York-Social Policy Research Unit, Heslington, York, North Yorkshire YO10 5DD, UK.
Fiona WalterQueen Mary University of London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry-Wolfson Institute of Population Health, London, Charter House Square EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Mark WilberforceUniversity of Exeter Medical School, Health and Community Services Exeter, UK.
Jessica JiangUCL-Dementia Research Centre, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Refah AhmedEast London NHS Foundation Trust Ringgold standard institution-Academic Centre Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry Centre for Mental Health, London, UK.
Wesley DowridgeQueen Mary University of London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry-Wolfson Institute of Population Health, London, Charter House Square EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Charles R MarshallQueen Mary University of London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry-Wolfson Institute of Population Health, London, Charter House Square EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Claudia CooperQueen Mary University of London Wolfston Institution of Population Health-Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Yvonne Carter House, London E1 2AD, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2777-7616

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPeople from minoritised ethnic groups are diagnosed with dementia later in the disease. We explored pathways that may determine the timing of diagnoses in a UK ethnically diverse, urban area.

methodsWe conducted 61 semi-structured interviews: 10 community-dwelling older people from minoritised ethnic backgrounds with diagnosed and undiagnosed dementia (mean age = 72 years; males = 5/10), 30 family members (51; 10/30), 16 health or social care professionals (42; 3/15), 3 paid carers and 2 interpreters for people with dementia. We used reflexive thematic analysis and the Model of Pathways to Treatment to consider diagnostic delay.

findingsWe identified three themes: (1) Cultural identity and practices shape responses: gendered expectations that families relieve elders of household roles reduce awareness or concern when functioning declines; expectations that religious practices are maintained mean problems doing so triggers help-seeking. Second-generation family members often held insider and outsider identities, balancing traditional and Western perspectives. (2) Becoming like a tourist: daily experiences became unfamiliar for people developing dementia in an adopted country, sometimes engendering a need to reconnect with a home country. For professionals and interpreters, translating meanings faithfully, and balancing relatives' and clients' voices, were challenging. (3) Naming and conceptualising dementia: the term dementia was stigmatised, with cultural nuances in how it was understood; initial presentations often included physical symptoms with cognitive concerns.

conclusionGreater understanding of dilemmas faced by minoritised ethnic communities, closer collaboration with interpreters and workforce diversity could reduce time from symptom appraisal to diagnosis, and support culturally competent diagnostic assessments.

Indexed as

Delayed DiagnosisDementiaPatient Acceptance of Health CareQualitative ResearchAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCultural CharacteristicsEthnicityFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle Ageddementiadiagnosisethnicityinequalitiesolder peoplequalitative

Identifiers

PMID39562343
PMCPMC11576135

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.