ArticlePharmacology2025
Hypoxia-Treated Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes Enhance the Therapeutic Effects on Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Mice.
Article in Pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Pooled it
- The dual role of exosomes in renal fibrosis and their potential for clinical translational applications.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Pretreated mesenchymal stromal cells and their secretome for kidney disease: mechanisms and applications.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) had therapeutic effects. However, whether the exosomes derived from hypoxia-treated AMSCs could improve renal functions in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice remains unclear.
methodsThe exosomes were characterized using a transmission electron microscope and Western blot. Its size distribution was determined using the Zetasizer Nano ZS analysis system. The differentiation ability was assessed by alkaline phosphatase and oil red staining. Consequently, the function of exosomes in inhibiting inflammatory factors was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and apoptosis inhibition was evaluated by Western blot. Finally, the function of exosomes to ameliorate kidney fibrosis was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Masson staining.
resultsThe cultured AMSCs could differentiate into osteoblast and adipocyte. Meanwhile, the cultured AMSCs could effectively secrete the exosomes, which were characterized by around 110 nm diameter and surface marker expression. Exosomes derived from hypoxia-treated AMSCs improved renal functions in UUO mice. The mechanism exploration revealed that exosomes could decrease the TNF-α and IL-6 and inhibit cell apoptosis. Finally, the fibrosis-associated protein was reversed, and the renal dysfunctions were ameliorated in UUO mice.
conclusionThe exosomes derived from the hypoxia-treated AMSCs have a better effect than those from normal AMSCs in ameliorating renal dysfunctions in UUO mice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.