ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
Closing the Gap in Race-based Inequities for Seasonal Influenza Hospitalizations: A Modeling Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Methodological heterogeneity and equity challenges of distributional cost-effectiveness analysis in healthcare: a systematic review from 2017 to 2025.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- Heterogeneity in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Severity Among Pediatric Inpatients in a National Healthcare Database.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Observational
- Risk and resilience factors associated with the progression of influenza to severe disease outcomes: umbrella review protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlack, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) communities bear a disproportional burden of seasonal influenza hospitalizations in the United States.
methodsWe developed a race-stratified (5 racial-ethnic groups) agent-based model of seasonal influenza transmission and quantify the effects of 5 idealized interventions aimed at reducing inequities in symptomatic infections and hospitalizations. The interventions assumed (1) equalized vaccination rates, (2) equalized comorbidities, (3) work-risk distribution proportional to the distribution of the population, (4) reduced work contacts for all, or (5) a combination of equalizing vaccination rates and comorbidities and reducing work contacts.
resultsOur analysis suggests that symptomatic infections could be greatly reduced (by up to 17% in BIPOC adults aged 18-49 years) by strategies reducing work contacts or equalizing vaccination rates. All tested interventions reduced the inequity in influenza hospitalizations in all racial-ethnic groups, but interventions equalizing comorbidities were the most effective, with more than 40% less hospitalizations in BIPOC groups. Inequities in hospitalizations in different racial-ethnic groups responded differently to interventions, pointing to the need of tailored interventions for different populations. Notably, these interventions resulted in better outcomes across all racial-ethnic groups, not only those prioritized by the interventions.
conclusionsIn this simulation modeling study, equalizing vaccination rates and reducing number of work contacts (eg, improving air filtration systems, tailored vaccination campaigns) reduced both inequity and the total number of symptomatic infections and hospitalizations in all age and racial-ethnic groups. Reducing inequity in influenza hospitalizations requires different interventions for different groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.