Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39558965›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2024

Sales and regulatory status of fixed dose combination psychotropic drugs in India: a retrospective longitudinal study.

Paul Bogowicz, Aashna Mehta, Shruti Choudhary, Petra Brhlikova, Peter Roderick, Patricia McGettigan, Habib Hasan Farooqui, Aditya Narain Sharma, Allyson M Pollock

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Paul BogowiczPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-8829
Aashna MehtaIndian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-9915
Shruti ChoudharyIndian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0574-992X
Petra BrhlikovaPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2085-0304
Peter RoderickPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6214-2878
Patricia McGettiganWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9757-9754
Habib Hasan FarooquiCollege of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-2929
Aditya Narain SharmaTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4632-4521
Allyson M PollockPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7388-3110

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: There is limited evidence to support use of fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to examine the sales and regulatory status of psychotropic FDCs in India, in the context of two government regulatory initiatives. Methods: Official documents were searched to establish an account of the initiatives and measures targeting psychotropic FDCs. This was integrated with private market data (2008 to 2020). Descriptive statistics were used to examine changes in FDC numbers/formulations and sales volumes in standard units (SU) over time. Results: Psychotropic FDC sales volumes (percentage market share) increased from 0.8 billion SU (18.4%) in 2008 to 1.4 billion SU (20.1%) in 2020. The numbers (formulations) of FDCs also increased, from 28 (101) in 2008 to 33 (143) in 2020. Unapproved FDCs accounted for 69.3% of psychotropic FDC sales in 2008, decreasing slightly to 60.3% in 2020. Of 21 psychotropic FDCs considered under the regulatory initiatives, three went on to be banned, and two of these remained on the market in 2020. Conclusions: Unapproved FDCs continue to account for most psychotropic FDC sales, potentially putting the public at risk because their safety and efficacy have not been evaluated.

Indexed as

Fixed dose combinationIndiapharmacoepidemiologypsychiatrypsychopharmacologypsychotropic

Identifiers

PMID39558965
PMCPMC11573336

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.