Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39558830›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of social psychology2025

Registered report: Cognitive ability, but not cognitive reflection, predicts expressing greater political animosity and favouritism.

Abigail L Cassario, Shree Vallabha, Jordan L Thompson, Alejandro Carrillo, Prachi Solanki, Samantha A Gnall, Sada Rice, Geoffrey A Wetherell, Mark J Brandt

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of social psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abigail L CassarioDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-7087
Shree VallabhaDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-4235
Jordan L ThompsonDepartment of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7752-297X
Alejandro CarrilloDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4187-2246
Prachi SolankiDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9139-2836
Samantha A GnallDepartment of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8932-771X
Sada RiceDepartment of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
Geoffrey A WetherellDepartment of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9062-0339
Mark J BrandtDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-7031

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liberals and conservatives both express political animosity and favouritism. However, less is known about whether the same or different factors contribute to this phenomenon among liberals and conservatives. We test three different relationships that could emerge among cognitive ability, cognitive reflection and political group-based attitudes. Analysing two nationally representative surveys of US Americans (N = 9035) containing a measure of cognitive ability, we find evidence that compared to people lower in cognitive ability, people higher in cognitive ability express more animosity towards ideologically discordant groups and more favouritism towards ideologically concordant groups. This pattern was particularly pronounced among liberals. In a registered report study, we then test whether the same is true of cognitive reflection in another large dataset (N = 3498). In contrast to cognitive ability, we find no relationship between cognitive reflection, political animosity and favouritism. Together, these studies provide a comprehensive test of how cognitive ability and cognitive reflection are related to political animosity and favouritism for liberals and conservatives in the United States.

Indexed as

AptitudeAttitudeCognitionPoliticsAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPre-Registration PublicationUnited StatesYoung Adultcognitive abilitycognitive reflectionpolitical animosityworldview conflict

Identifiers

PMID39558830
PMCPMC11927380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.