ReviewCancer biology & therapy2024
Tumor microenvironment in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).
Review in Cancer biology & therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic orchestration of the primary central nervous system lymphoma microenvironment.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Article
- Unraveling the immune microenvironment in primary CNS lymphoma.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Soluble TIM-3 and galectin-9 serve as additional diagnostic biomarkers in primary central nervous system lymphoma.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Radiomics-based differentiation between glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma: CT vs MRI.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2026Article
- Advances in CAR-T therapy for central nervous system lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Novel Agents and Immunotherapies for Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System: Innovating for Impact in a Disease With Unmet Needs.Journal of hematology · 2025Review
- Morphological, immunophenotypic and neuroradiological characteristics of primitive B-large cell diffuse lymphoma of the central nervous system: A retrospective cohort analysis.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Article
- Beyond monotherapy: multimodal strategies integrating immune checkpoint inhibitors in lymphoma management.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Targeting PD-L1 for PCNS-DLBCL: from molecular effects to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in primary central nervous system lymphoma.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is one of the rare lymphomas limited to the central nervous system. With the availability of immunotherapy, the tumor microenvironment (TME) attracts much attention nowadays. However, the systematic studies on the TME of PCNSL are lacking. By reviewing the existing research, we found that the TME of PCNSL is infiltrated with abundant TAMs and TILs, among which cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and M2-polarized macrophages are principal. However, the counts of immune cells infiltrated in the TME of PCNSL are significantly lower than systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In addition, PCNSL can attract the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and the loss of HLA I/II expression, overexpress inhibitory immune checkpoints, and release immunosuppressive cytokines to form an immunosuppressive TME. The immunosuppressive effect of TME in PCNSL is significantly stronger than that in systemic DLBCL. These characteristics of TME highlight the immunosuppression of PCNSL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.