ArticleiScience2024
The biocompatibility of gallium-based liquid metals with blood and serum.
Article in iScience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surface energy-directed assembly of liquid metal particles for intelligent wearable electronics.iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- Liquid Metal Materials for Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Mechanically adaptive materials with tunable stiffness for biomedical devices: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Liquid Metal Microrobots for Magnetically Guided Transvascular Navigation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Gallium-Based Liquid Metals: From Fundamental Properties to State-of-the-Art Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Self-Adhesive Liquid Metal Channel Patch with Tip-Guided Conformal Coupling and Leakage Suppression for Skin Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excellent biocompatibility of liquid metals is the basis for developing biomedical applications, such as implantable devices, drug delivery, and tumor therapy. Especially, a systematic study to reveal the influence of gallium-based liquid metals on the composition of blood while they are used in the human body is vital but missing. Here, the compatibility of three kinds of frequently used gallium-based liquid metals with human blood and serum was explored systematically. The results show that treating blood and serum with gallium-based liquid metals did not cause hemolysis, suggesting red blood cells are not damaged or ruptured, and treatment had a negligible effect on the components in the blood. Additionally, the serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, and liver function molecules showed no change after adding liquid metals. These findings suggest that liquid metals have high compatibility with human blood and serum and are conductive to be applied in the fields of biomedical engineering.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.