Trial reportFrontiers in immunology2024
Probiotics combined with prebiotics alleviated seasonal allergic rhinitis by altering the composition and metabolic function of intestinal microbiota: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Trial report in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Probiotic therapy as adjuvant for allergic rhinitis: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Functional Foods and Micro- and Nanoplastics: Advances in Precision Nutritional Medicine for Oral-Gut-Brain Axis Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Efficacy of Probiotics in Treating Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Allergic Rhinitis, and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Effect of Xiaoqinglong decoction on gut-lung axis microbiota in allergic rhinitis mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Modulation of Gut Microbial Composition byNutrients · 2025Article
- Efficacy And Safety of Acupoint Catgut Embedding for Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Integrated gut microbiome and metabolomics analysis reveals microbial-metabolic cross-talk in allergic rhinitis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota metabolites and key target molecules in allergic rhinitis: a multi-omics study of gut-nose axis regulation via the inflammation-metabolism network.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Gut-lung axis in allergic rhinitis: microbial dysbiosis and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- The anti-allergic effect ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have established that probiotics or prebiotics can relieve the symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), but their mechanism of action remain underexplored. This study aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of probiotics combined with prebiotics in seasonal AR patients and explore their underlying mechanisms. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The test group was given probiotics combined with prebiotics, whereas the placebo group was administered simulated preparation for 90 days. Outcome measures included total nasal symptom score (TNSS), visual analog scale, rhinitis quality of life questionnaire, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and the rate and intensity of Loratadine use. Serum TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and IgE levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intestinal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR. Short-chain fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: 106 participants (N = 53 for both test group and placebo group) completed the study. From baseline to day 91, mean difference between groups (MDBG) in the reduction of TNSS was -1.1 (-2.2, -0.1) (P = 0.04); MDBG in the increment of TNF-α was 7.1 pg/ml (95% CI: 0.8, 13.4, P = 0.03); the INF-γ level was significantly increased (P = 0.01), whereas that of IL-17 (P = 0.005) was significantly decreased in the test group, whilst mean difference within groups was not statistically significant in the placebo group; MDBG in the increment of acetate was 12.4% (95% CI: 7.1%, 17.6%, P <0.001). After the administration of probiotics and prebiotics, the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota were significantly altered and positively related to the beneficial effect on seasonal AR patients. Conclusion: Probiotics combined with prebiotics administered for 90 days significantly attenuated the symptoms of seasonal AR patients, which may related to fluctuations in the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota and further ameliorating host immunity.
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