ArticlePhysiological reports2024
Changes in immune cell populations during acclimatization to high altitude.
Article in Physiological reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic high-altitude exposure and intracerebral hemorrhage: A novel perspective from the vascular-immune-neuronal network.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Integrated Cytokine and Immune Cell Profiling Reveals a Distinct Immune Signature Associated with High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of High-Altitude Environments on Gut Microbiota and Their Mechanisms in Immune Regulation and High-Altitude Adaptation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From nanotechnology to immunomodulation: emerging strategies targeting macrophages in high altitude pulmonary hypertension.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- High-altitude de-acclimatization and long-term immune suppression: the role of Nrf2 in Treg function targeting 3PM.The EPMA journal · 2026Article
- Effect of altitudes on serum parameters, metabolome, and gut microbiota in yaks on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Review
- Physiological and molecular dynamic changes during 23-day high-altitude exposure reveal novel biomarkers for acclimatization.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Case Report: High-altitude exposure and severe respiratory infection precipitating diabetic ketoacidosis: new-onset ketosis-prone diabetes unmasked by physiological stress.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- High-altitude thrombosis: divergent pathophysiological mechanisms and preventive strategies in acutely exposed population and native highlanders.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Blood Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Immune Characteristics of Captive Forest Musk Deer (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- High-altitude mountaineering induces adaptive gut microbiome shifts associated with dietary intake and performance markers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Impact of a High-Altitude Expedition on the Physical Performance and Nutritional Indices of Health Status of Alpinists.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Th1/Th2 Immune Imbalance in the Spleen of Mice Induced by Hypobaric Hypoxia Stimulation and Therapeutic Intervention of Astragaloside IV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Acute Severe Hypoxia Decreases Mitochondrial Chain Complex II Respiration in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Changes in immune cell populations during acclimatization to high altitude.Physiological reports · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
The immune response to acute hypoxemia may play a critical role in high-altitude acclimatization and adaptation. However, if not properly controlled, hypoxemia-induced inflammation may exacerbate high-altitude pathologies, such as acute mountain sickness (AMS), or other hypoxia-related clinical conditions. Several studies report changes in immune cell subsets at high altitude. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes, and if these alterations are beneficial or maladaptive, remains unknown. To address this, we performed multiparameter flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected throughout 3 days of high-altitude acclimatization in healthy sea-level residents (n = 20). Additionally, we conducted in vitro stimulation assays to test if high-altitude hypoxia exposure influences responses of immune cells to subsequent inflammatory stimuli. We found several immune populations were altered at high altitude, including monocytes, T cells, and B cells. Some changes in immune cell populations are potentially correlated with AMS incidence and severity. In vitro high-altitude PBMC cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed no changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine production after 1 day at high-altitude. However, by day three pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to LPS decreased significantly. These results indicate that high-altitude exposure may initiate an inflammatory response that encompasses innate immune sensitization, with adaptive immune suppression following acclimatization.
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