Observational studyEnvironmental health : a global access science source2024
Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study.
Observational study in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serum PFAS concentrations and circulating vitamin D in U.S. children: evidence of a paradox.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Age-specific associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Associations of endocrine disrupting chemical biomarkers and their mixture with vitamin D biomarker concentrations in childhood: The HOME Study.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent relationships between PFAS and placental transcriptomics identified by weighted gene co-expression analysis.Environmental research · 2025Article
- 1α,25(OH)Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- Mitigation of PFAS toxicity through sorbent treatment in Sprague-Dawley rats during prenatal and postnatal exposure.Toxicology · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are commonly utilized in consumer products. While earlier studies have suggested potential impacts of certain PFAS on serum concentrations of vitamin D, these investigations were constrained to a limited set of conventional PFAS. Moreover, they did not specifically focus on populations with longer duration of PFAS exposure and potentially higher blood PFAS levels, such as older adults, and lacked adequate evidence to examine sex-related disparities.
methodsThis observational investigation utilized cross-sectional data obtained from the U.S. NHANES spanning the years 2003 to 2018. Survey-weighted multiple regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between PFAS exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Multi-pollutant models were employed to evaluate the association between PFAS mixtures and vitamin D concentrations. Subsequently, environmental risk scores (ERS) were constructed to gauge associations with vitamin D concentrations. ERS was computed through a weighted linear combination of PFAS, utilizing calculations from ridge regression and adaptive elasticity network (adENET) methodologies. All analyses were stratified by sex.
resultsThe study encompassed 3,853 older adults. Our analysis revealed a negative association between PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and MeFOSAA and serum vitamin D concentrations. In analyses examining mixed exposures, various models consistently indicated an inverse association between PFAS mixed exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Moreover, an increase in ERS of PFAS across the interquartile range was associated with a decrease in vitamin D concentrations (Q4 vs. Q1, adENET: β: -0.083, 95% CI: -0.117, -0.048; ridge regression: β: -0.077, 95% CI: -0.111, -0.042). Notably, these associations were exclusively observed within the female population.
conclusionsOur study indicates that heightened exposure to PFAS correlates with diminished serum vitamin D concentrations in females aged 60 years and older, evident in both single and mixed exposures. These findings find support in in vitro mechanistic studies, suggesting that PFAS may impact the metabolism of 25(OH)D, consequently affecting vitamin D concentrations.
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